High transmission Ni compound refractive lens for high energy X-rays

Abstract

We present a new planar Ni compound refractive lens for high energy X-rays (116 keV). The lens is composed of identical plano-concave elements with longitudinal parabolic grooves manufactured by a punch technique. In order to increase the lens transmission, the thickness of the single lens at the parabolic groove vertex was reduced to less than 5 μm and the radius of curvature was reduced to about 20 μm. The small radius of curvature allowed us to reduce the number of single elements needed to get the focal length of 3 m to 54 single lenses. The gain parameter has been significantly improved compared to the previous lenses due to higher transmission, but the focused beam size and its gain are not as good as expected, mostly due to the aberrations caused by the lens shape imperfections.

Dependency of the Charge–Discharge Rate on Lithium Reaction Distributions for a Commercial Lithium Coin Cell Visualized by Compton Scattering Imaging

“…However, there is a problem that lithium dendrite occurs at the surface of the negative electrode. In our Compton scattering imaging system, the Ni refractive lens can be used and enables us to focus the vertical direction of the incident X-ray to 9 µm [16]. The spatial resolution on our measurement system reaches 9 µm in height, 50 µm in width and 50 µm in depth by combining the lens and the specially designed collimator slit system.…”