High transconductance organic electrochemical transistors

Khodagholy, Dion; Rivnay, Jonathan; Sessolo, Michele; Gurfinkel, M.; Leleux, Pierre; Jimison, Leslie H.; Stavrinidou, Eleni; Hervé, Thierry; Sanaur, Sébastien; Owens, Róisı́n M.; Malliaras, George G.

doi:10.1038/ncomms3133

Cited by 696 publications

(868 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Of particular interest at this interface is the organic electrochemical transistor (OECT), a class of organic devices comprising a thin layer of a conducting polymer as the active material 25 . OECTs are three-terminal devices (source, drain, and gate) in which the conducting layer is deposited between source and drain, forming the channel of the transistor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring

et al. 2017

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Future drug discovery and toxicology testing could benefit significantly from more predictive and multi-parametric readouts from in vitro models. Despite the recent advances in the field of microfluidics, and more recently organ-on-a-chip technology, there is still a high demand for real-time monitoring systems that can be readily embedded with microfluidics. In addition, multi-parametric monitoring is essential to improve the predictive quality of the data used to inform clinical studies that follow. Here we present a microfluidic platform integrated with in-line electronic sensors based on the organic electrochemical transistor. Our goals are twofold, first to generate a platform to host cells in a more physiologically relevant environment (using physiologically relevant fluid shear stress (FSS)) and second to show efficient integration of multiple different methods for assessing cell morphology, differentiation, and integrity. These include optical imaging, impedance monitoring, metabolite sensing, and a wound-healing assay. We illustrate the versatility of this multi-parametric monitoring in giving us increased confidence to validate the improved differentiation of cells toward a physiological profile under FSS, thus yielding more accurate data when used to assess the effect of drugs or toxins. Overall, this platform will enable high-content screening for in vitro drug discovery and toxicology testing and bridges the existing gap in the integration of in-line sensors in microfluidic devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring

et al. 2017

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“…Presently, there is a tremendous activity to explore organic semiconducting materials because they can be processed from solution at low temperature [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] hence, traditional printing technologies can be adapted to manufacture printed sensors and detectors. Such types of devices represent an important corner stone for applications such as distributed monitoring and medical surveillance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the mode of operation in electrolyte-gated thin film transistors based on different substituted polythiophenes

Toss¹,

Suspène²,

Piro³

et al. 2014

Organic Electronics

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Organic Thin Film Transistors (OTFT), gated through an aqueous electrolyte, have extensively been studied as sensors in various applications. These water-gated devices are known to work both as electrochemical (Organic ElectroChemical Transistor - OECT) and field-effect (Organic Field-Effect Transistor - OFET) devices. To properly model and predict the response of water-gated OTFT sensors it is important to distinguish between the mechanism, field-effect or electrochemical, by which the transistor is modulated and thus how the gate signal can be affected by the analyte. In this present study we explore three organic polymer semiconductors, poly-(3-hexyl-thiophene) (P3HT), poly-(3-carboxypentyl-thiphene) (P3CPT) and a co-polymer P3HT-co-poly-(3-ethoxypentanoic acid-thiophene) (monomer ratio 1:6, P3HT-COOH15) in water-gated OTFT structures. We report a set of transistor characteristics, including standard output parameters, impedance spectroscopy and current transients, to investigate the origin of the mode of operation in these water-gated OTFTs. Impedance characteristics, including both frequency and voltage dependence, were recorded for capacitor stacks corresponding to the gate/electrolyte/semiconductor/source structure. It is shown that P3HT as well as P3HT-COOH15 both can function as semiconductors in water gated OTFT devices operating in field-effect mode. P3CPT on the other hand shows typical signs of electrochemical mode of operation. The -COOH side group has been suggested as a possible anchoring site for biorecognition elements in EGOFET sensors, rendering P3HT-COOH15 a possible candidate for such applications.

Funding Agencies|European Union [248728]; Swedish Government (SFO-AFM); Onnersjo Foundation (Holmen); Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (Power Papers); VINNOVA (PEA)

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“…In addition to the two aforementioned strategies, a third very promising route consists in the use of ultrathin substrates 19,[23][24][25][26] . Besides the extreme bendability, this approach offers unique capabilities as lightness and conformability, which are important for smart-skin 24,27 , biological tissue sensing 28 and even solar cells 25 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Wafer-scale design of lightweight and transparent electronics that wraps around hairs

et al. 2014

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Electronics on very thin substrates have shown remarkable bendability, conformability and lightness, which are important attributes for biological tissues sensing, wearable or implantable devices. Here we propose a wafer-scale process scheme to realize ultra flexible, lightweight and transparent electronics on top of a 1-mm thick parylene film that is released from the carrier substrate after the dissolution in water of a polyvinyl-alcohol layer. The thin substrate ensures extreme flexibility, which is demonstrated by transistors that continue to work when wrapped around human hairs. In parallel, the use of amorphous oxide semiconductor and high-K dielectric enables the realization of analogue amplifiers operating at 12 V and above 1 MHz. Electronics can be transferred on any object, surface and on biological tissues like human skin and plant leaves. We foresee a potential application as smart contact lenses, covered with light, transparent and flexible devices, which could serve to monitor intraocular pressure for glaucoma disease.

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High transconductance organic electrochemical transistors

Cited by 696 publications

References 45 publications

Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring

Organic transistor platform with integrated microfluidics for in-line multi-parametric in vitro cell monitoring

On the mode of operation in electrolyte-gated thin film transistors based on different substituted polythiophenes

Wafer-scale design of lightweight and transparent electronics that wraps around hairs

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