High-throughput spectrophotometric assay of reactive oxygen species in serum

This study evaluated the effect of dietary inclusions of Garcinia kola (GK) seed on geotactic behavior and some oxidative stress markers in wildߚtype fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster). Flies were raised on diet supplement with GK seed for 5 days. The negative geotactic behavior of flies which was used to evaluate their locomotor performance was thereafter evaluated. The flies were subsequently homogenized and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), catalase and glutathioneߚSߚtransferase (GST) activities, as well as nitric oxide (NO) and total thiol contents were assayed. The phytochemical constituents of GK seed were also determined. It was observed that higher dietary inclusions of GK seed reduced the survival rate of D. melanogaster more significantly compared to control flies. Also, higher dietary inclusions of GK seed significantly reduced locomotor performance and AChE activity, while the ROS level was increased compared to the control. Activities of GST and catalase were significantly increased in flies fed diet supplemented with higher GK seed inclusions but their NO content was significantly reduced compared to control. Phytochemical analysis of GK seed revealed abundance of saponin > glycosides > alkaloids > phenols > flavonoids. These results have shown that dietary inclusion of GK seed at higher concentrations reduced survival rate of D. melanogaster and impaired cholinergic system, with elevated activities of some antioxidant enzymes under acute exposure. These observations could be associated with bioactivities of predominant phytochemicals in GK seed such as saponin and glycosides which have been reportedly toxic at high concentration. Therefore, this study suggests that high consumption of GK seed could induce some toxicological effects and moderate consumption is hence recommended.

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“…(2007), with slight modifications. In brief, 50 μl of tissue homogenate and 1,400 μl sodium acetate buffer were transferred to a cuvette.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary inclusions of bitter kola seed on geotactic behavior and oxidative stress markers in Drosophila melanogaster

Oboh

Ogunsuyi

Ojelade

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…The Bio-Tek FL600 Microplate Fluorescence Reader (Bio-Tek, Instruments, Highland Park, Winooski, VT, USA) was used to measure ROS levels, where 1.0 mg l À1 H 2 O 2 represents one unit of ROS. 31 For alcohol intake, gamma-glutamyl transferase levels were measured with the UniCel DxC 800 analyzer (Beckman Coulter) on an enzyme rate method. 32 Serum leptin levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (Quantikine, R&D Systems, MN, USA).…”

Section: Biochemical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid cross-sectional wall area is significantly associated with serum leptin levels, independent of body mass index: the SABPA study

et al. 2012

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Hypertension and obesity are serious health burdens in sub-Saharan Africa. Urbanized Africans seem to be more susceptible to the development of these diseases than Caucasians. Current research suggests that leptin may be an important contributor to the development of hypertension and atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate leptin levels and their associations with cardiovascular function in urbanized Africans and Caucasians. Serum leptin, ambulatory blood pressure and carotid intima-media thickness were measured, and the cross-sectional wall area (CSWA) was calculated. The results showed that Africans had higher leptin levels (Po0.001), ambulatory blood pressure (Po0.001), carotid intima-media thickness (Po0.01) and CSWA (Po0.01) than Caucasians. As we found no interaction between ethnicity and gender for the association between leptin and the cardiovascular variables, we focused mainly on the total group of Africans and Caucasians. In single, partial and multiple regression analyses, positive associations of ambulatory systolic blood pressure (b ¼ 0.256; Po0.001), diastolic blood pressure (b ¼ 0.143; P ¼ 0.012), pulse pressure (b ¼ 0.327; Po0.001) and CSWA (b ¼ 0.107; P ¼ 0.038) with leptin were observed. Even after adjusting for body mass index (BMI), the association between CSWA (b ¼ 0.107; P ¼ 0.038) and leptin remained. Our findings therefore suggest that leptin may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, independent of BMI.

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“…39,40 Reactive oxygen species was measured using a spectrophotometric assay, where 1.0 mg l À1 H 2 O 2 represents one unit of reactive oxygen species. 41 Anthropometric measurements Waist circumferences, height and weight were measured according to the standard protocols. 42 A Holtain metal tape was used to measure circumferences, whereas height was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm with the Invicta Stadiometer (IP 1465, Invicta Plastics Ltd, Leicester, UK).…”

Section: Biochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnicity-specific differences in L-arginine status in South African men

et al. 2011

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The aetiology for an increasing incidence of hypertensive cardiovascular disease amongst Africans in southern Africa is unclear. Hypertension may be induced by inadequate release of L-arginine-derived nitric oxide impairing vascular tone regulation. In addition, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is associated with cardiovascular disease. We compared profiles of L-arginine in African and Caucasian men of similar age with cardiovascular risk factors. We studied 163 Caucasian and 132 African men, respectively, (20 to 70 years) measuring serum L-arginine, ADMA, creatinine, urea, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and blood pressure. L-arginine levels were significantly lower, whereas blood pressure and pulse wave velocity were significantly higher in African men. Simple linear regression showed ADMA more strongly associated with L-arginine in Caucasians (r ¼ 0.59 vs 0.19), whereas association of SDMA with L-arginine was significant only in Caucasians (r ¼ 0.43 vs 0.001). The stronger association of L-arginine with ADMA in Caucasian men was confirmed by multiple regression analysis (b ¼ 0.46 vs 0.25). Our findings show that the relationship of cardiovascular risk factors with serum L-arginine and some of its catabolites is different in African and Caucasian men and that this may be associated with a relatively higher prevalence of hypertension in African men.

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High-throughput spectrophotometric assay of reactive oxygen species in serum

Cited by 312 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of dietary inclusions of bitter kola seed on geotactic behavior and oxidative stress markers in Drosophila melanogaster

Effect of dietary inclusions of bitter kola seed on geotactic behavior and oxidative stress markers in Drosophila melanogaster

Carotid cross-sectional wall area is significantly associated with serum leptin levels, independent of body mass index: the SABPA study

Ethnicity-specific differences in L-arginine status in South African men

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