High-Throughput Methods in the Discovery and Study of Biomaterials and Materiobiology

Abstract

The complex interaction of cells with biomaterials (i.e., materiobiology) plays an increasingly pivotal role in the development of novel implants, biomedical devices, and tissue engineering scaffolds to treat diseases, aid in the restoration of bodily functions, construct healthy tissues, or regenerate diseased ones. However, the conventional approaches are incapable of screening the huge amount of potential material parameter combinations to identify the optimal cell responses and involve a combination of serendipity and many series of trial-and-error experiments. For advanced tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, highly efficient and complex bioanalysis platforms are expected to explore the complex interaction of cells with biomaterials using combinatorial approaches that offer desired complex microenvironments during healing, development, and homeostasis. In this review, we first introduce materiobiology and its high-throughput screening (HTS). Then we present an in-depth of the recent progress of 2D/3D HTS platforms (i.e., gradient and microarray) in the principle, preparation, screening for materiobiology, and combination with other advanced technologies. The Compendium for Biomaterial Transcriptomics and high content imaging, computational simulations, and their translation toward commercial and clinical uses are highlighted. In the final section, current challenges and future perspectives are discussed. High-throughput experimentation within the field of materiobiology enables the elucidation of the relationships between biomaterial properties and biological behavior and thereby serves as a potential tool for accelerating the development of high-performance biomaterials.

Preparation of Fucoidan-Based Electrospun Nanofibers and Their Interaction With Endothelial Cells

“…Besides the biochemical properties, their biophysical structure can significantly mediate cell attachment, shape, viability, the differentiation or pluripotency of stem cells, and even tissue repair and regeneration ( Li et al, 2018 ; Cui et al, 2020 ; Yu et al, 2020 ; Yu et al, 2021 ; Zhou et al, 2020 ; Liu et al, 2021 ; Yang et al, 2021a ; Yang et al, 2021b ). Recently, the development of nanofibrous materials has received increasing attention in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine due to their outstanding properties, such as their favorable biological properties, sufficient mechanical strength, highly porous mesh with interconnectivity, extremely high specific surface area, and aspect ratio ( Zhou et al, 2015 ; Zhou et al, 2017 ; Kenry and Lim, 2017 ; Xue et al, 2019 ; Ahmadi et al, 2021 ).…”

Application of Thermoresponsive Intrinsically Disordered Protein Polymers in Nanostructured and Microstructured Materials

“…Collaborations with synthetic biologists will help address any challenges that could be associated with design, synthesis and production scale‐up of these highly sophisticated molecules. [ 210,211 ] Machine learning can be employed for predictive design of new and viable IDPPs, [ 212–214 ] while metabolic engineering could be utilized to generate high‐performance expression hosts to improve biosynthesis yields. [ 215–217 ] Outside of the applications mentioned above, the stimuli‐responsive phase behavior of IDPPs provides tremendous opportunities for sustainable development of “smart” biomaterials with applications in implantable or wearable biosensors, and in micromechanical devices as actuators for biomolecular robotics.…”

NanoZnO-modified titanium implants for enhanced anti-bacterial activity, osteogenesis and corrosion resistance

“…In recent decades, nanomaterials have been found to possess an ultra-small size, high specific surface area, high reactivity, tunable surface modification capacity, and antimicrobial activity [ 12 , 21 , 31 – 35 ]. Meanwhile, the application of nanotechnology in biomedicine is rapidly becoming the main driving force behind the changes that are taking place in the field of antimicrobials as well as tissue repair and regeneration [ 36 – 42 ].…”