High-throughput additive manufacturing and characterization of refractory high entropy alloys

Melia, Michael Anthony; Whetten, Shaun R; Puckett, Raymond; Jones, Morgan R.; Heiden, Michael; Argibay, Nicolas; Kustas, Andrew B.

doi:10.1016/j.apmt.2020.100560

Cited by 69 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…First-time, single-phase, carbide, highentropy ceramics (Hf 0.2 Ta 0.2 Ti 0.2 Nb 0.2 Mo 0.2 and Zr 0.2 )C were fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis using spark plasma sintering [15]. An MoNbTaW refractory high-entropy alloy can be successfully fabricated with a laser-based additive manufacturing process [16]. An ultra-hard and nanocrystalline (average grain size: 5.9 nm) BCC-structured, VNbMoTaW high-entropy alloy can be fabricated using powder metallurgy and mechanical alloying followed by sintering-this alloy has an extraordinary hardness (11.4 GPa) that twice that of the coarse grain structure [17].…”

Section: Processing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Latest Developments in the Field of Refractory High-Entropy Alloys

et al. 2021

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This review paper provides insight into current developments in refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) based on previous and currently available literature. High-temperature strength, high-temperature oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance properties make RHEAs unique and stand out from other materials. RHEAs mainly contain refractory elements like W, Ta, Mo, Zr, Hf, V, and Nb (each in the 5–35 at% range), and some low melting elements like Al and Cr at less than 5 at%, which were already developed and in use for the past two decades. These alloys show promise in replacing Ni-based superalloys. In this paper, various manufacturing processes like casting, powder metallurgy, metal forming, thin-film, and coating, as well as the effect of different alloying elements on the microstructure, phase formation, mechanical properties and strengthening mechanism, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance, of RHEAs are reviewed.

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Section: Processing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Latest Developments in the Field of Refractory High-Entropy Alloys

et al. 2021

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“…From these group of works it can be highlighted the following three. In [86] a HEA is built from elemental powders, where it was mixed elements with three levels of melting points (Mo, Nb and Ta over 2400 °C, Cr at 1907 °C and Al, at 660); despite some evaporation problems with the Al, the selective EBM processing method is suitable to develop such a complex alloy from elemental powders. In [87] is obtained a complete map of microstructures, obtained by building by DMD several compositions maintaining three fix elements (MoNbTa, MoNbW and NbTaW) and varying from null the fourth one (W, Nb and No, respectively).…”

Section: Refractory High Entropy Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [85] a HEA is built from elemental powders, where it was mixed elements with three levels of melting points (Mo, Nb and Ta over 2400 • C, Cr at 1907 • C and Al, at 660); despite some evaporation problems with the Al, the selective EBM processing method is suitable to develop such a complex alloy from elemental powders. In [86] is obtained a complete map of microstructures, obtained by building by DMD several compositions maintaining three fix elements (MoNbTa, MoNbW and NbTaW) and varying from null the fourth one (W, Nb and No, respectively). Laser powder feed methods allows to construct these kinds of materials where we can analyze from the same process run, many possibilities in different properties using the same set of alloying elements.…”

Section: Refractory High Entropy Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Entropy Alloys Manufactured by Additive Manufacturing

Torralba

Campos

2020

Metals

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High entropy alloys have attracted much interest over the last 16 years due to their promising an unusual properties in different fields that offer many new possible application. Additionally, additive manufacturing has drawn attention due to its versatility and flexibility ahead of a new material challenge, being a suitable technology for the development of metallic materials. Moreover, high entropy alloys have demonstrated that many gaps exist in the literature on its physical metallurgy, and in this sense, additive manufacturing could be a feasible technology for solving many of these challenges. In this review paper the newest literature on this topic is condensed into three different aspects: the different additive manufacturing technologies employed to process high entropy alloys, the influence of the processing conditions and composition on the expected structure and microstructure and information about the mechanical and corrosion behavior of these alloys.

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“…While alloying/doping [10][11][12][13][14] and nanoscaling [15][16][17][18] can destabilize these complex hydrides, it has generally been difficult to design a metal hydride that satisfies the delicate trade-off between appropriate thermodynamic stability and sufficiently high capacity (in addition to other desirable features like fast kinetics of dehydrogenation, reversibility, etc.). A relatively new class of materials known as high entropy alloys (HEAs), which have demonstrated usefulness in many applications, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25] have recently been investigated as hydrogen storage materials, demonstrating outstanding hydrogen-to-metal ratios (H/M > 2) and reversible weight capacities comparable to TiFe. 26 Combined, these properties portend their usefulness in a variety of hydrogen storage applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data-Driven Discovery and Synthesis of High Entropy Alloy Hydrides with Targeted Thermodynamic Stability

Witman

Ek²,

Ling³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Solid-state hydrogen storage materials that are optimized for specific use cases could be a crucial facilitator of the hydrogen economy transition. Yet the discovery of novel hydriding materials has historically been a manual process driven by chemical intuition or experimental trial-and-error. Data-driven materials' discovery paradigms provide an alternative to traditional approaches, whereby machine/statistical learning (ML) models are used to efficiently screen materials for desired properties and significantly narrow the scope of expensive/time-consuming first-principles modeling and experimental validation. Here we specifically focus on a relatively new class of hydrogen storage materials, high entropy alloy (HEA) hydrides, whose vast combinatorial composition space and local structural disorder necessitates a data-driven approach that does not rely on exact crystal structures in order to make property predictions. Our ML model quickly screens hydride stability within a large HEA space and permits down selection for laboratory validation based not only on targeted thermodynamic properties, but also secondary criteria such as alloy phase stability and density. To experimentally verify our predictions, we performed targeted synthesis and characterization of several novel hydrides that demonstrate significant destabilization (70x increase in equilibrium pressure, 20 kJ/molH<sub>2</sub> decrease in desorption enthalpy) relative to the benchmark HEA hydride, TiVZrNbHfH<sub>x</sub>. Ultimately, by providing a large composition space in which hydride thermodynamics can be continuously tuned over a wide range, this work will enable efficient materials selection for various applications, especially in areas such as metal hydride based hydrogen compressors, actuators, and heat pumps.

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High-throughput additive manufacturing and characterization of refractory high entropy alloys

Cited by 69 publications

References 66 publications

A Review of the Latest Developments in the Field of Refractory High-Entropy Alloys

A Review of the Latest Developments in the Field of Refractory High-Entropy Alloys

High Entropy Alloys Manufactured by Additive Manufacturing

Data-Driven Discovery and Synthesis of High Entropy Alloy Hydrides with Targeted Thermodynamic Stability

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