High thickness Ti/TiN multilayer thin coatings for wear resistant applications

Bemporad, Edoardo; Sebastiani, Marco; Pecchio, C.; Rossi, Stefano

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.03.042

Cited by 108 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Similar results were published also by other authors (e.g. [64,65]). The tribological performance is both dependent on hardness and elastic modulus.…”

Section: Theoretical Aspects In Single Vs Multilayer Deformation -Fesupporting

confidence: 92%

Microscale interpretation of tribological phenomena in Ti/TiN soft-hard multilayer coatings on soft austenite steel substrates

Lackner¹,

Major²,

Kot³

2011

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences

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Abstract. The mechanical and tribological behavior of physical vapor deposited coatings on soft substrate materials gains increasing interest due to economical and environmental aspects -e.g. substitution of steels by light-weight metals or polymers in transport vehicles. Nevertheless, such soft materials require surface protection against wear in tribological contacts. Single layer hard coatings deposited at room temperature are brittle with a relatively poor adhesion. Therefore, they should be better substituted by tough multilayer coatings of soft-hard material combinations. However, the mechanics of such multilayer coatings with several 10 nm thick bilayer periods is difficult and yet not well described. The presented work tries to fill the gap of knowledge by focusing both on mechanical investigations of hardness, adhesion, and wear and on microscopic elucidation of deformation mechanisms. In the paper 1 µm thick Ti/TiN multilayer stacks were deposited by magnetron sputtering on soft austenitic steel substrates at room temperature to prevent distortion of functional components in future applications. High hardness was found for 8 and 16 bilayer films with modulation ratio Ti:TiN = 1:2 and 1:4. This was attributed (with use of transmission electron microscopy) to stopping the crack propagation in thin Ti layers of the multilayer systems by shear deformation combined with different fracture mechanisms in comparison with that for the TiN single layers (edge cracks at the border of the contact area and ring cracks outside, respectively).

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“…Similar results were published also by other authors (e.g. [64,65]). The tribological performance is both dependent on hardness and elastic modulus.…”

Section: Theoretical Aspects In Single Vs Multilayer Deformation -Fesupporting

confidence: 92%

Microscale interpretation of tribological phenomena in Ti/TiN soft-hard multilayer coatings on soft austenite steel substrates

Lackner¹,

Major²,

Kot³

2011

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences

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“…This can be attributed to the higher hardness of the borided layer (approximately 2000 HV), combined with a higher load bearing capacity. A higher hardness of the substrate leads to a reduction of the interfacial residual stress, increasing the adhesion of the coating to the substrate [16]. The combination of properties as high hardness and low friction coefficient is important for the reduction of wear rates [17].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of borided layers contribution on the wear resistance and adhesion of TiN coatings

et al. 2017

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The purpose of the investigation was to examine the possibility of improving tool life by reducing the wear effect and improving the adhesion of a thin film through a compound configuration that consists in boriding and PVD deposition. Single layer coatings of TiN were deposited by PVD (cathodic arc) on quenched and tempered and on borided powder metallurgy (P/M) AISI M2 steel. Adhesion test was performed according VDI 3198. Microhardness measurements were performed on Vickers scale and the tribological behavior evaluated through dry sliding wear test, using a ball-on-disk apparatus. The wear tracks were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal microscopy. After the wear test the samples were transversally cut, coating and substrate were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed a better adhesion of the coating for the borided sample comparing to the quenched and tempered sample. The wear mechanisms of quenched/tempered-TiN (Q/T-TiN) samples against Al 2 O 3 ball were different from the wear mechanisms of borided-TiN (B-TiN) sample against Al 2 O 3 ball.

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“…The maximum normal thermal stresses increase with increasing film thickness and decrease with increasing hardness of the substrate. Reducing a value of stresses, required to produce coatings of relatively large thickness, is possible by introducing soft metallic adhesive layer between a substrate and a coating or between layers in multilayer coating, which was confirmed in several studies [7,14,15]. A change in values and distribution of stress can be achieved also by the gradual change in values of material parameters in layer/layers of coating (functionally graded materials) [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The calculations concern the influence of particular parameters of the systems, such as substrate material, coating's structure and thickness of the layers in a multilayer coating, on the value and distribution of stress in the substrate/coating system. The results of numerical calculations and experimental tests clearly show that the ceramic PVD coatings deposited on metal substrates are characterized by high compressive stresses in the direction parallel to the surface and high tensile normal stresses [14]. Substrate/coating interface and the edges of the system are the areas of highest stress concentration, especially shear and normal to the surface, which can cause decrease in coating adhesion [12,15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Analysis of the effect of antiwear CrN coating thickness on the evolution of thermomechanical interactions in the substrate/PVD coating system

Mydłowska

Myśliński

Szparaga

et al. 2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The main goal of this study was to analyze the application possibilities of modulated temperature thermomechanical analysis (MT TMA) for the evaluation of thermomechanical interactions in substrate/PVD coating systems on the example of examination of influence of changes in thickness of a coating on internal stress evolution in these systems. As an indicator of the stress state in the coating at a given measurement temperature, the changes in a value of the equivalent thermal expansion coefficient of the system a AC , which is calculated based on registered changes in temperature and elongation of the sample, were assumed. Independently, numerical simulations of the residual thermal stresses were carried out using finite element method. The objects of research were systems composed of substrates of HS6-5-2 steel and a single layer of chromium nitride CrN with thickness 2, 4, 8 and 10 lm, deposited on the substrate by cathodic arc evaporation method. In order to determine the effect of the CrN coating thickness on evolution of thermomechanical interactions in the system, the samples were annealed according to the assumed curve comprising nine-step isothermal annealing in the range of 150-500°C. Obtained results have shown that MT TMA is useful to study the thermomechanical interactions in substrate/PVD coating systems. In particularly, obtained values of a AC , calculated on the basis of measured elongation changes for substrate/ PVD coating systems, are lower than for the substrate without coatings, and they increase with the thickness of the deposited coating. This means that there is a decrease in compressive stresses in the coatings with increasing coating thickness. It was also found that with increasing temperature there is a local maximum value of a AC , which indicates the temperature of deposition of the coating. This is a key parameter from a technological point of view of the PVD processes.

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High thickness Ti/TiN multilayer thin coatings for wear resistant applications

Cited by 108 publications

References 41 publications

Microscale interpretation of tribological phenomena in Ti/TiN soft-hard multilayer coatings on soft austenite steel substrates

Microscale interpretation of tribological phenomena in Ti/TiN soft-hard multilayer coatings on soft austenite steel substrates

Investigation of borided layers contribution on the wear resistance and adhesion of TiN coatings

Analysis of the effect of antiwear CrN coating thickness on the evolution of thermomechanical interactions in the substrate/PVD coating system

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