High temperature tribology of TiAlN PVD coating sliding against 316L stainless steel and carbide-free bainitic steel

Moghaddam, Pouria Valizadeh; Prakash, Braham; Vuorinen, Esa; Fallqvist, Mikael; Andersson, Jonathan; Hardell, Jens

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2020.106847

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…After manufacturing, the samples were grinded and polished to obtain a sample surface without extreme irregularities. The details of surface finishing are given in [12].…”

Section: Tib 2 /Ti Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, there is no universal composition and structure of a coating that can be equally effective in a wide range of temperatures [10]. As an example, the increase of Al content in the coating can improve the oxidation resistance [11,12]. A certain progress has been observed in nanocomposite and multi-layered coatings such as in the case of VAlN or TiC/Al 2 O 3 /TiN [10,11,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sliding Wear Performance of AlCrN Coating on TiB2/Ti Composites at High Temperatures

et al. 2021

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The aim of the study was to investigate effect of Ti/TiB2 composite composition and manufacturing technology parameters on the tribological behaviour of AlCrN coating-composite system. The AlCrN coating was deposited by PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) method. The composites were manufactured by spark plasma sintering (SPS) from three variants of powders mixtures: Ti with TiB2, Ti6Al4V with TiB2 as well as Ti with B, using (five) different sintering temperatures. For each of the developed coating-composite systems, the wear resistance was evaluated using ball-on-disc SRV tester, at six temperatures (from room temperature up to 900 °C). The results confirmed that high-temperature wear resistance of the coating–substrate combination depends on Ti/TiB2 composite composition and manufacturing technology parameters. In the case of uncoated composite, two processes manage the wear at high temperatures: cracking propagation and surface oxidation. The presence of AlCrN coating on the composite surface protects the surface against deep cracking and surface oxidation. The composites of Group I, sintered at 1250 °C from a mixture of pure Ti and TiB2 (50/50 wt.% ratio) as well as Group III, sintered at 1350 °C from a mixture of pure Ti and B allow the achievement of a satisfactory surface quality, a high adhesion of the PVD coating and moderate wear at high temperatures. However, the composite made of pure Ti and B seems to be a better solution for temperatures exceeding 600 °C.

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“…After manufacturing, the samples were grinded and polished to obtain a sample surface without extreme irregularities. The details of surface finishing are given in [12].…”

Section: Tib 2 /Ti Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sliding Wear Performance of AlCrN Coating on TiB2/Ti Composites at High Temperatures

et al. 2021

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“…This category can also be referred to as the joint work of Behadshia and Edmunds. The last category focuses on the behaviors of the CFB phase in different working conditions, such as wear and fatigue [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vanadium and Rare Earth on the Structure, Phase Transformation Kinetics and Mechanical Properties of Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel Containing Silicon

et al. 2022

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Carbide-free bainitic (CFB) steels with a matrix of bainitic ferrite and thin layers of retained austenite, to reduce the manufacturing costs, usually do not contain alloying elements. However, a few reports were presented regarding the effect of alloying elements on the properties of these steels. Thus, this study evaluates the effects of vanadium and rare earth (Ce-La) microalloying elements on the structure, phase transformation kinetics, and mechanical properties of carbide-free bainite steel containing silicon fabricated by the casting and austempering procedure. Optical and scanning electron microscopy (OM and SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to study the microstructure and phase structure. The transformation kinetics were examined by a dilatometry test. Hardness, tensile, and impact tests evaluated the mechanical properties. Due to adding alloying elements, the fracture toughness and change in matrix phases relation was studied by the crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) test and SEM fractography. The microstructure of the silicon added sample was completely carbide-free bainite. The test results showed vanadium helped CFB formation, even in continuous cooling. The primary austenite grain (PAG) size grew by vanadium addition. The EBSD phase map illustrates an increment in the percentage of retained austenite by vanadium. In contrast, the addition of 0.03 wt% rare earth reduced the primary austenite grain size and reduced the retained austenite content. The results of the dilatometry test confirmed that vanadium and rare earth addition both reduced the critical cooling rate of the bainite transformation. Vanadium leads to an earlier cessation of bainite transformation, while rare earth elements postpone this transformation. Mechanical tests showed that the tensile strength of carbide-free bainite steels was strongly influenced by the morphology and volume fraction of austenite. Retained austenite, when transformed to martensite during the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) phenomenon, leads to increased tensile strength and fracture toughness, or retained austenite with a film-like shape prevents the growth of cracks by blinding the crack tip. The result of the CTOD test exhibited that retained austenite plays the leading role in increasing crack resistance when TRIP occurs.

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“…After their discovery in the 1930s [25], specific types of oxides, formed on metal and alloy surfaces during the course of sliding, have been recognized as important constituents for generating protective tribolayers at elevated temperatures, which could decrease metal-metal contacts and alleviate wear losses [26][27][28][29]. For non-oxide ceramics and ceramic coatings in general, however, the generated oxides may play a different role in friction and wear performances [30][31][32][33]. For instance, the wear resistance of the transitional metal nitrides strongly depends on their mechanical properties, especially surface hardness [32], whereas the slidinginduced oxidation of transitional metal nitrides would generally decrease the surface hardness due to the formation of an oxide layer, leading to the so-called "oxidational wear" [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-temperature wear mechanisms of TiNbWN films: Role of nanocrystalline oxides formation

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Friction

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Refractory high/medium entropy nitrides (HENs/MENs) exhibit comprehensive application prospects as protective films on mechanical parts, particularly those subjected to sliding contacts at elevated temperatures. In this study, a new MEN system TiNbWN, forming a single fcc solution, is designed and its wear performance at temperatures ranging from 25 to 750 °C is explored. The wear mechanisms can be rationalized by examining the subsurface microstructural evolutions using the transmission electron microscopy as well as calculating the phase diagrams and interfacial adhesion behavior employing calculation of phase diagram (CALPHAD) and density functional theory (DFT). To be specific, increased wear losses occur in a temperature range of 25–600 °C, being predominantly caused by the thermally-induced hardness degradation; whereas at the ultimate temperature (750 °C), the wear loss is refrained due to the formation of nanocrystalline oxides (WnO3n−2, TiO2, and γTiOx), as synergistically revealed by microscopy and CALPHAD, which not only enhance the mechanical properties of the pristine nitride film, but also act as solid lubricants, reducing the interfacial adhesion. Thus, our work delineates the role of the in situ formed nanocrystalline oxides in the wear mechanism transition of TiNbWN thin films, which could shed light on the high-temperature wear behavior of refractory HEN/MEN films.

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High temperature tribology of TiAlN PVD coating sliding against 316L stainless steel and carbide-free bainitic steel

Cited by 27 publications

References 31 publications

Sliding Wear Performance of AlCrN Coating on TiB2/Ti Composites at High Temperatures

Sliding Wear Performance of AlCrN Coating on TiB2/Ti Composites at High Temperatures

Effect of Vanadium and Rare Earth on the Structure, Phase Transformation Kinetics and Mechanical Properties of Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel Containing Silicon

High-temperature wear mechanisms of TiNbWN films: Role of nanocrystalline oxides formation

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