High-Temperature Titanium Alloys—A Review

Eylon, D.; Fujishiro, S.; Postans, Pamela J.; Froes, F. H.

doi:10.1007/bf03338617

Cited by 97 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The beta transus temperature is decreased as the Mo Eq is increased. The Mo Eq of Ti-15-3, a typical metastable beta alloy, is approximately 12.2, 7) near that value 11.4 for the Mo Eq of Ti-29-13. For examining the beta transus temperature of Ti-29-13, the observation of optical microstructure is performed with solution treatment in the temperature range of 700-800 C and subsequently quenched to room temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Microstructural Modification in a Beta Titanium Alloy for Implant Applications

et al. 2006

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A recently developed beta titanium alloy, Ti-29-13, for biomedical applications has been subjected to microstructure examination and tensile test. Band structure is observed both in the as-received and cold-rolled specimens. By EDX in SEM, the band structure is confirmed to originate from the segregation of beta stabilizer. Thermomechanical processings consisting of repeated solution treatment, water quenching and cold-rolling are performed to reduce the segregation. The considerable reduction of the band structure is found in the processed specimen. The elongation at high temperature of the processed specimen is larger than that of the cold-rolled specimen although no difference in the strain rate sensitivity is confirmed between them.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Microstructural Modification in a Beta Titanium Alloy for Implant Applications

et al. 2006

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“…In the gas turbine, due to these properties, there is a desire to use titanium as far back in the engine and at as high a temperature as possible [5], promoting increased strength, higher temperatureresistant alloy development [5,7]. One such is the lamellar-microstructure beta (β)-forged and alpha (α)-β solution heat treated α/ β titanium alloy Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Ti-6246) [3,5,8,9], which is found in many components such as compressor discs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the “blue spot”

Saunders

Chapman

Walker

et al. 2016

Engineering Failure Analysis

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During hot component fatigue tests there have been two cases of low life crack initiation of gas turbine rotating parts manufactured from the Titanium alloy Ti-6246. Both exhibited a small (~0,1mm) elliptical "blue spot" at the origin. Through validated striation count work and fracture mechanics it was established that fatigue had propagated with a near-nil initiation life. Early investigation suggested that the "blue spot" was possibly a region of stage 1 fatigue growth, and was therefore a material behaviour concern with potential implications for service. During an investigation of a later cracking incident in this alloy, subsequently shown to have resulted from Stress-corrosion cracking (SCC), near-identical fractographic characteristics to that seen in the "blue spot" were found that subtly differentiated it from stage 1 fatigue. Also, similar "blue spots" have since been identified on Ti6246 Laboratory hot LCF test specimens and found to have been due to contamination by NaCl, through the application of focussed long-term EDX examination and other novel chemical analyses techniques. By the application of those techniques, fractography, and comparison against these specimens, Rolls-Royce and Imperial College London have collaborated to show that the original two component "blue spots" were subtle examples of NaCl-related Hot Salt Stress-Corrosion Cracking (HSSCC). Such cracking has not been found to occur in service components, due to air pressure within the engine, and the effect is therefore confined to Laboratory and component tests at near-atmospheric pressure or below.

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“…For instance, the composition of near-a Ti alloys has been optimised for creep and fatigue strength by the addition of elements such as Sn, Zr, Mo, Ni, Si and C. One method of maximising the strength of these alloys is to allow limited formation of the ordered Ti3Al a2 phase to occur [4,223. Diffraction studies show superlattice reflections before clear microscopic evidence of phase separation which suggest that a conditional spinodal (Le.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffusional phase transformations on the atomic scale: Experiment and modeling

Hyde

Cerezo²,

Setna³

et al. 1995

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In the early stages of phase transformations, microstructures are generated with the dimensions of only a few atomic spacings. Investigation of structures on such a fine scale poses severe difficulties, not only for experimental studies, but also for conventional theories based on continuum models. In this paper we report on a combination of atomic-scale microanalysis using the position-sensitive atom probe and atomistic simulations using the dynamic king model. Three phase transformations have been studied : spinodal decomposition in Fe-Cr alloys, nucleation and growth in dilute Cu-Co alloys and finally a conditional spinodal reaction in Ti-AI. The model provided a good quantitative match to the kinetics of spinodal decomposition observed in Fe45%Cr, and nucleation and growth in Cu-1%Co. It also predicts the development of coupled ordering and phase separation in Ti-15%Al.7he suknined mMuscript has been authored by a commctor of the U.S.

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High-Temperature Titanium Alloys—A Review

Cited by 97 publications

References 22 publications

Microstructural Modification in a Beta Titanium Alloy for Implant Applications

Microstructural Modification in a Beta Titanium Alloy for Implant Applications

Understanding the “blue spot”

Diffusional phase transformations on the atomic scale: Experiment and modeling

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