High temperature phases in the 0.98PbZrO3–0.02Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramic

Abstract

The phase evolution with temperature in the 0.98PbZrO3-0.02Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3ceramic was investigated with dielectricpermittivity and polarization measurements, hot stage transmission electron microscopy, and high temperature x-ray diffraction. Below 190 °C, the ceramic is in the antiferroelectric phase with characteristic 14{110}csuperlatticediffractions. In this stage, typical antiferroelectric 180° domains were observed. Between 190 and 220 °C, an intermediate phase, which is characterized by 12{110}c-type superlatticediffractions, was detected. Evidences are found to suggest that this intermediate phase is ferroelectric. The 12{110}c-type superlatticediffraction persists even into the paraelectric phase above 220 °C. In addition, there exists an incommensurate phase between the low temperature antiferroelectric phase and the intermediate ferroelectric phase.

The phase evolution with temperature in 0.94PbZrO3–0.06Pb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3 antiferroelectric ceramic

“…4(b), close examination of the hysteresis loop at 155 • C reveals that slight distortions, which are marked by two circles, occurred at ∼10 kV/cm. Similar distortions were found on the hysteresis loop in 0.98PbZrO 3 -0.02Pb(Ni 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 and Pb 0.99 Nb 0.02 [Zr 0.57 Sn 0.43 ] 1−x Ti x ] 0.98 O 3 ceramics, and these have been attributed to the onset of electric field-induced AFE to FE transition [28,29]. Therefore, the 0.94PZ-0.06PMW ceramic is still in the AFE phase at this temperature and it should be noted that the distortions marked at 155 • C in Fig.…”

“…It is apparent that replacement of the Zr 4+ ion by Mg 2+ /W 6+ ions decreases the driving force for the antiparallel shift of Pb 2+ ions, because they interrupt the translational symmetry. This interruption causes the appearance of an intermediate ferroelectric phase and similar behavior has been found in PZ-PNN ceramics [28].The DSC technique was used as the third tool to confirm the phase transition of PZ-PMW ceramics. Fig.…”

Phase Transition Behavior of the (1−x)PbZrO3−xBa(Al1/2Nb1/2)O3 Solid Solution

“…Superlattice reflection peaks and a splitting (200) peak were observed at roughly 43° in the compositions, 0.02 ≤ x ≤ 0.04, ¼ ( hkl ). These results indicated that the crystal structure of ceramics is orthorhombic at the compositions, 0.02 ≤ x ≤ 0.04 . The XRD pattern for the composition, x = 0.06, showed a single (200) and split (111) reflection, indicating that the crystal structure was a rhombohedral perovskite.…”

“…The compositions 0.02 ≤ x ≤ 0.06 have the same crystal structure with pure PZ ( x = 0.00), i.e., an orthorhombic unit cell at room temperature. Furthermore, the ¼ ( hkl ) superlattice reflection peaks, representing the antiparallel shifts of Pb 2+ ions in the perovskite structure, were obtained for the compositions, 0.02 ≤ x ≤ 0.06 . However, their intensity became weaker with increasing BAN content.…”

“…Therefore, not only the ionic size of substituent in the PbZrO 3 ‐based system but also the phase stability of t may be factors to consider. Furthermore, our research group studied the effect of adding hybrid‐dope such as Ni 2+ /Nb 5+ , Zn 2+ /Nb 5+ , Co 2+ /Nb 5+ , Mg 2+ /W 6+ , and Y 3+ /Nb 5+ at the Zr 4+ ‐site of the PZ structure and found that the FE and AFE phase can be stabilized by adding hybrid‐dope with an average radii ionic size that is smaller and higher than Zr 4+ ion, respectively. Therefore, this work dealt with the binary system of (1− x )PbZrO 3 − x Ba(Al 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 (PZ–BAN), which replaced ions at the A‐site and B‐site by substituting with large Ba 2+ ions and hybrid‐dope Al 3+ /Nb 5+ ions, respectively.…”