High temperature growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes with a narrow chirality distribution by tip-growth mode

He, Maoshuai; Yang, Tao; Shang, Danhong; Xin, Benwu; Chernov, A. I.; Obraztsova, E. D.; Sainio, Jani; Cui, Hongzhi; Jiang, Hua; Kauppinen, Esko I.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2018.02.051

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…(Figure 1(d)), respectively. In all the spectra, the presence of radial breathing modes (RBMs) indicates the formation of SWNTs, as reported previously [20]. For the SWNTs grown without laser irradiation, the G/D intensity ratios acquired with the 633 nm and 514 nm laser excitation wavelengths are 39 and 28, respectively, indicating that the quality of the SWNTs is relatively high.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Although the assignment of SWNT chiralities is possible by the Kataura plot [26], the overall chirality distribution of SWNTs should be cross-checked by other techniques, like UV-vis-NIR absorption and photoluminescence. Indeed, previous studies have revealed that near armchair species, like (6,5) and (7,5) SWNTs, were preferentially synthesized on the Co/MgO catalyst by normal CVD [20]. Unfortunately, the small amount of SWNTs synthesized under laser irradiation (a spot size of 2 μm) is insufficient for further characterizations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Co/MgO catalyst was prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD), as has been described elsewhere [20]. MgO was prepared by the thermal decomposition of magnesium carbonate hydroxide hydrate and has BET areas of 50 m 2 /g [21].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser Irradiation-Hindered Growth of Small-Diameter Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Zhang

Lao

et al. 2019

Journal of Nanomaterials

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SWNTs are synthesized on a Co/MgO catalyst using “laser-disturbed” CVD with CO as the carbon source. Compared with SWNTs grown by thermal CVD without laser irradiation (normal CVD), SWNTs synthesized under laser irradiation demonstrate the suppression of small-diameter SWNT growth, as indicated by Raman spectroscopy. Such a phenomenon is also observed for other supported catalysts, such as Co/SiO2 and Fe/MgO. Controlled experiments were carried out to clarify the effects of lasers. On the one hand, laser irradiation increases the reaction temperature locally, favoring the growth of SWNTs at a set temperature as low as 350°C. On the other hand, laser irradiation inhibits the nucleation of small SWNT caps, leading to the growth of large-diameter SWNT species. This work opens a new avenue for growing SWNTs with controlled diameters.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser Irradiation-Hindered Growth of Small-Diameter Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Zhang

Lao

et al. 2019

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…Several mechanisms of MWCNT growth have been proposed, including root-based growth [13,14]; fluidized-state growth, which can be represented by the Arrhenius-type plot [15]; and tip growth [16][17][18]. In this study, we believe that the MWCNTs grew from the fullerene base structure, based on evidence shown in the microscopic images that we obtained.…”

Section: Growth Mechanism Of Mwcnt Structuresmentioning

confidence: 55%

Fullerene-to-MWCNT Structural Evolution Synthesized by Arc Discharge Plasma

Roslan

Rahman

Jofri

et al. 2018

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The growth of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) has been extensively studied using electron microscopy. The ex situ structural behavior was examined to investigate the growth of the MWCNTs under different environments and pressures using electron microscopy. The arc discharge plasma technique was applied to synthesize the MWCNTs by evaporating carbon through the arc plasma between two cylindrical graphite rods, with a background pressure of 10−2 to 102 mbar, inside a vacuum chamber under different ambient environments. The results showed that long MWCNT structures were successfully grown. We suggest that the mechanism involves: (i) fullerene formation; (ii) the elongation of fullerenes; and (iii) the growth of MWCNTs. Agglomeration with other structures then forms MWCNT bundles. We note that the pressure and environment in the vacuum chamber can affect the structure of the MWCNTs.

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“…Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have been the subject of intensive research because of their fascinating optical, electronic, and chemical properties [1][2][3][4]. An SWNT exhibits either metallic or semiconducting characteristics depending on its chiral indices (n, m) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Dependence of G⁻ Mode in Raman Spectra of Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Wen

Zhang

et al. 2018

Journal of Nanomaterials

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The temperature evolution of G mode in the Raman spectra of surface grown single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is investigated. It is revealed that the intensity of G − mode in Raman spectra varies with the measurement temperature. The intensity variation of the G − mode is synchronized to that of the radial breathing mode, which is sensitive to the resonance condition (|E L − E ii |). Such an intensity evolution is associated with the temperature-induced change of E ii . That is, the intensity of G − , an indication of electron-phonon coupling in metallic SWNTs, can be greatly enhanced only when the laser energy well matches the transition energy of nanotubes (E ii ). In other words, the window for observing asymmetric and broad G − mode is very narrow. This work further confirms that the G − mode in the Raman spectrum mainly arises from metallic SWNTs, and caution should be paid when using the intensity ratio of G − /G + to estimate the percentage of metallic SWNTs in products.

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High temperature growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes with a narrow chirality distribution by tip-growth mode

Cited by 27 publications

References 40 publications

Laser Irradiation-Hindered Growth of Small-Diameter Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Laser Irradiation-Hindered Growth of Small-Diameter Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Fullerene-to-MWCNT Structural Evolution Synthesized by Arc Discharge Plasma

Temperature Dependence of G⁻ Mode in Raman Spectra of Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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High temperature growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes with a narrow chirality distribution by tip-growth mode

Cited by 27 publications

References 40 publications

Laser Irradiation-Hindered Growth of Small-Diameter Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Laser Irradiation-Hindered Growth of Small-Diameter Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Fullerene-to-MWCNT Structural Evolution Synthesized by Arc Discharge Plasma

Temperature Dependence of G− Mode in Raman Spectra of Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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Temperature Dependence of G⁻ Mode in Raman Spectra of Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes