High temperature deformation and fracture behaviour of 316L stainless steel under high strain rate loading

Lee, Woei Shyan; Lin, Chi Feng; Chen, Tao Hsing; Luo, Wen Zhen

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.10.005

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…In equation (5), stresses ı 1 and ı 2 are obtained from tests conducted at temperatures of ଵ and ଶ , respectively. For Ti6554, the strain rate sensitivity decreases with increasing temperature as shown in Fig.4a, which is also observed for most other metals [20,21,[32][33][34]. The temperature sensitivity of Ti6554 increases with increasing temperature.…”

Section: Dynamic Stress-strain Responsesupporting

confidence: 73%

The dynamic response of a β titanium alloy to high strain rates and elevated temperatures

Zhan

Kent

Wang

et al. 2014

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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The stress-strain behaviour and microstructural evolution of the Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al (Ti6554) alloy was systematically investigated using Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) tests over a wide range of strain rates from 1000 s -1 to 10000 s -1 and initial temperatures from 293K to 1173K. Dislocation slip is the main deformation mechanism for plastic flow of the Ti6554 alloy at high strain rates. The flow stress increases with increasing strain rate and decreasing temperature. Also the flow stress is more sensitive to temperature than to strain rate. For high strain rate deformations, the strain hardening rate is found to be negative at 293K and increases with increasing temperatures. Flow softening observed at 293K is potentially caused by adiabatic heating. The increment in the strain hardening rate with increasing temperatures may be the result of interactions between thermally activated solute Cr atoms and mobile dislocations. When the temperature is raised to 873K, a novel Į precipitate 2 morphology consisting of globular Į aligned in strings was observed in specimens deformed at strain rates of 4000 and 10000 s -1 . It has hardening effects on the ȕ matrix and is purported to nucleate on dislocations introduced by the high strain rate deformation. Adiabatic shear bands were observed in specimens deformed at higher temperatures (873K). The microstructure inside the shear bands is harder than that outside of the shear bands in the Ti6554 alloy.

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Section: Dynamic Stress-strain Responsesupporting

confidence: 73%

The dynamic response of a β titanium alloy to high strain rates and elevated temperatures

Zhan

Kent

Wang

et al. 2014

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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“…Once an unstable condition is attained, extreme localisation of the deformation occurs; resulting in the formation of adiabatic shear bands. 18,19) The literature contains various proposals for the possible mechanisms responsible for the initiation and propagation of adiabatic shear bands 2022) and for constitutive equations to describe their behaviour.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties and Dislocation Substructure of Inconel 690 Alloy Impacted at Cryogenic Temperatures

Lee

Hsu

2014

Mater. Trans.

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The mechanical response and dislocation substructure of Inconel 690 during impact deformation are investigated at strain rates of 2 © 10 3 ³ 6 © 10 3 s ¹1 and temperatures of ¹150°C, 0°C and 25°C using a compressive split-Hopkinson pressure bar system. The results show that the flow stress, work hardening rate and strain rate sensitivity all increase with increasing strain rate or decreasing temperature. By contrast, the activation volume reduces as the strain rate increases or the temperature decreases. Moreover, the temperature sensitivity increases with both increasing strain rate and increasing temperature. Optical microscopy observations show that adiabatic shear bands are formed at the highest strain rate of 6 © 10 3 s ¹1 in all of the tested specimens. In addition, it is shown that adiabatic shear localisation is the major cause of specimen failure in every case. The dislocation density increases, and the cell size decreases, as the strain rate is increased or the temperature decreased. The change in the dislocation density and cell size is found to have a significant effect on the flow stress and work hardening behaviour of the Inconel 690 specimens; particularly at high strain rates or low temperatures.

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“…In equation (2.7), the stresses σ 1 and σ 2 are obtained from tests conducted at temperatures of 1 and 2 , respectively [118,125]. It is generally observed that strain rate sensitivity will increase with increasing strain rate and decrease with increasing temperature for most metallic materials [85,118,[120][121][122]. In addition, some experimental results show that strain rate sensitivity tends to increase greatly beyond a strain rate of 10 3 s -1 as shown in Fig.13 [108].…”

Section: Strain Rate Sensitivity and Temperature Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In summary, the effects of strain rate on ductility are material-dependent. As to the dependence of ductility of materials on temperature, the ductility will generally be improved with elevated temperature due to enhanced thermal softening effects [85,120,121]. …”

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confidence: 99%

“…As to temperature sensitivity, there exist some contradictions. In Refs [85,118,121,129], the temperature sensitivity of the investigated metals was interpreted to increase with increasing strain, strain rate andHongyi Zhan have conducted dynamic compressive tests on the β Ti-Nb-Zr-Mo-Sn alloy and found that the flow stress decreased slightly when the strain rate was raised to 1000 s -1 as shown in Fig.14. It may be attributed to the fact that high strain rates increased the volume fraction of α" martensitic phase which has a lower hardness than β phase.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The dynamic response of β titanium alloys to high strain rates at room and elevated temperatures

Zhan¹

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Titanium and its alloys fulfil a wide range of applications involving aerospace, biomedical, chemical and petroleum industries due to their extraordinary properties such as high specific strength, excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. Among different types of titanium alloys, β titanium alloys have a unique range of properties such as an excellent combination of high strength and fracture toughness and low Young's modulus. Therefore, the usage of β titanium alloys in the manufacturing of some key components in aerospace and biomedical industries has continually increased in the past decade.Nowadays many commercial manufacturing processes for metallic materials such as machining, explosive welding, hot forging and extrusion employ high strain rates and are conducted at elevated temperatures. Also, high-strain-rate deformation can be encountered in collisions such as in car crashes, bird strikes on airplanes and micrometeorite impacts on space structures. Hence a large number of studies have been conducted on the dynamic response of metallic materials including copper, steels, tantalum, Ti-6Al-4V alloy and commercially pure titanium to high strain rates. Due to limited knowledge of the dynamic behaviour of β titanium alloys, this thesis mainly investigates the stress-strain behaviour and microstructural evolution of β titanium alloys under high strain rates at room and elevated temperatures.Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar compressive tests were carried out on two new types of β titanium alloys with different levels of β phase stability, the Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al (wt. %) and Ti-25Nb-3Zr-3Mo-2Sn (wt.%) alloys, at strain rates ranging from 10 -3 s -1 to 10 4 s -1 and temperatures ranging from 293K to 1173K. The Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al alloy, with relatively high β phase stability, represents an alloy type which can be engineered through heat treatment or thermo-mechanical processing to achieve a superior combination of strength and fracture toughness. While the Ti-25Nb-3Zr-3Mo-2Sn alloy with relatively low β phase stability represents an alloy type which can be applied in biomedical applications due to their low Young's modulus and superelastic properties.For the Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al alloy, dislocation slip is dominant at all testing strain rates and temperatures in this research. The flow stress increases with increasing strain rate but decreasing temperature. Also, it is more sensitive to temperature than strain rate. At ambient temperatures, the strain hardening rate exhibited by the Ti-6Cr-5Mo-5V-4Al alloy at high strain rates is much lower than that at quasi-static strain rates, which is attributed to the thermal softening effect brought byHongyi Zhan II The University of Queensland adiabatic heating. While for the Ti-25Nb-3Zr-3Mo-2Sn alloy, multiple deformation mechanisms including dislocation slip, {332} <113> and {112} <111> mechanical twinning, stress-induced martensitic α" and ω phase transformations can be activated simultaneously and among them {332} <113> twinning is dominant at 293K regardless of...

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High temperature deformation and fracture behaviour of 316L stainless steel under high strain rate loading

Cited by 38 publications

References 35 publications

The dynamic response of a β titanium alloy to high strain rates and elevated temperatures

The dynamic response of a β titanium alloy to high strain rates and elevated temperatures

Mechanical Properties and Dislocation Substructure of Inconel 690 Alloy Impacted at Cryogenic Temperatures

The dynamic response of β titanium alloys to high strain rates at room and elevated temperatures

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