High‐Temperature Crystallization, Composition, Structure, and Certain Properties of Rare‐Earth Gallium Borates

Abstract

Solution-melts based on PbF,-B,O, and Bi,O,-B,O, were used in studying the stability regions and for growth, by way of spontaneous crystallization, of crystals up to 3 iiim in size of twelve cornpounds having the general formula RGI+@&),. All of these compounds are isostructural with carbonate mineral huntite. Their composition is highly dependent on that of the crystallization medium. The facing of the crystals is characterized by a small number of simple forms {lOII}, {1120}, (2IIO}, and less frequently {0221}, { 01 12}, { 40;11}. The examined parameters include the IR spectra, luminescence spectra, heat of formation from oxides, harness (6 to 8 units on the Mohs scale) and others.

Crystal growth, structure, infrared spectroscopy, and luminescent properties of rare-earth gallium borates RGa3(BO3)4, R=Nd, Sm–Er, Y

“…At the same time, as was found quite recently, HoGa 3 (BO 3 ) 4 shows an unusually large magnetoelectric effect [21]. Thus, RE gallium borates deserve to be considered as promising materials not only for luminescent [19] and non-linear laser applications but also for the use in spintronic devices.…”

“…RGa-orthoborate crystals with R = Y, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er were obtained by flux method through spontaneous nucleation in accordance with the data on phase relationships in RGa 3 (BO 3 ) 4 -Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 pseudo-ternary systems [19]. As an example, Fig.…”

“…During the last decade, also RE borates with magnetic ions (M = Cr 3+ , Fe 3+ ) attract a considerable attention, due to their interesting magnetic and magnetoelectric properties [16][17][18]. In contrast to extensive contemporary studies of aluminum, iron, and chromium borates, only a few papers are known concerning structural investigations (NdGa 3 (BO 3 ) 4 , R32 [13]), crystal growth, and spectroscopic properties [19,20] of RE gallium borates. At the same time, as was found quite recently, HoGa 3 (BO 3 ) 4 shows an unusually large magnetoelectric effect [21].…”

Size distribution of huntite-borate crystals grown by spontaneous crystallization from flux

“…(8) The crystal lattice interaction energy U is changed according to the change of the interaction energy of cations, assuming that the interaction energy of Yb 3+ with lattice is less than that of Er 3+ , and that of Al 3+ is less than that of Ga 3+ , 6 At first sight, the relation of energies (9) between the compositions of 7-2 and 5-1 is not completely correct, because the cations in both positions were changed. (8) The crystal lattice interaction energy U is changed according to the change of the interaction energy of cations, assuming that the interaction energy of Yb 3+ with lattice is less than that of Er 3+ , and that of Al 3+ is less than that of Ga 3+ , 6 At first sight, the relation of energies (9) between the compositions of 7-2 and 5-1 is not completely correct, because the cations in both positions were changed.…”

Люминесцентные и нелинейно-оптические свойства боратов LnGa-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-(BO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=- (Ln = Nd, Sm, Tb, Er, Dy, Ho)

“…Гораздо менее изучены галлиевые бораты из семейства хантитов. Имеются единичные работы по изучению кристаллической структуры, условий роста [3,[19][20][21][22] и спектроскопических свойств [22]. В частности, в работе [22]…”