High-temperature Bose—Einstein condensation of polaritons upon intracavity laser pumping of matter

Abstract

We consider non-compact branes in topological string theories on a class of Calabi-Yau spaces including the resolved conifold and its mirror. We compute the amplitudes of the insertion of non-compact Lagrangian branes in the A-model on the resolved conifold in the context of the topological vertex as well as the melting crystal picture. They all agree with each other and also agree with the results from Chern-Simons theory, supporting the large N duality. We find that they obey the Schrödinger equation confirming the wavefunction behavior of the amplitudes. We also compute the amplitudes of the non-compact B-branes in the DV matrix model which arises as a B-model open string field theory on the mirror manifold of the deformed conifold. We take the large N duality to consider the B-model on the mirror of the resolved conifold and confirm the wave function behavior of this amplitude. We find appropriate descriptions of non-compact branes in each model, which give complete agreements among those amplitudes and clarify the salient features including the role of symmetries toward these agreements.

Strongly localized polaritons in an array of trapped two-level atoms interacting with a light field

“…In our previous papers [11,12] we proposed the use of cavity polaritons arising due to the matter-field interaction under the strong coupling condition for cloning and spatial storing of quantum optical information.…”

“…The low branch polaritons under discussion can form Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) due to phase transition occurring in the cavity [12]. In fact, evidence for BEC for 2D-gas exciton-polaritons in semiconductor (Cd-Te) microstructures at the temperature of 5K has been reported recently [13].…”

Thermalization of coupled atom-light states in the presence of optical collisions

“…Although evidence of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of polaritons in semiconductor microstructures has recently been reported by several groups (see [1], [2], and [4]) observation of the high-temperature phase transition remains an unsolved problem. In this sense atomic systems seem to be more attractive and experimentally feasible for polariton BEC purposes [5][6][7][8].…”

Excitation of coherent polaritons in a two-dimensional atomic lattice

“…Here, H at represents the ensemble of noninteracting two-level atoms in the trap; H int represents the atom photon interaction in the cavity in the rotating wave approximation; H ph represents the light field in the cavity in the paraxial approximation; Φ j (Φ + j ) are the boson annihilation (creation) operators for the levels j = a and b; M at is the mass of a free atom; ∆ is the Laplace operator; V (j) ext is the total atom trapping potential, which comprises the harmonic potential of the magneto-optical trap and the optical lattice potential along the x and y axes [18]; Ψ(Ψ + ) is the annihilation (creation) operator for a field propagating along the z axis of the cavity, M ph = k z /c is the photon effective mass in the cavity; k z is the z-axis projection of the optical field wave vector; V ph is the photon trapping potential in the atom-photon coupling region, which can be created by special gradient-index lenses or fibres [8]; and…”