High sugar intake exacerbates cardiac reperfusion injury in perinatal taurine depleted adult rats

Abstract

Perinatal taurine depletion and high sugar diets blunted baroreflex function and heightens sympathetic nerve activity in adult rats. Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion also produces these disorders and taurine treatment appears to improve these effects. This study tests the hypothesis that perinatal taurine exposure predisposes recovery from reperfusion injury in rats on either a basal or high sugar diet. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed normal rat chow with 3% beta-alanine (taurine depletion, TD), 3% taurine (taurine supplementation, TS) or water alone (control, C) from conception to weaning. Male offspring were fed normal rat chow and water containing 5% glucose (G) or water alone (W) throughout the experiment. At 7-8 weeks of age, all rats were anesthetized and their trachea clamped until cardiac arrest occurred and mean arterial pressure fell below 60 mm Hg. The clamp was immediately released and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed with cardiac function returning within 4 min. Twenty-four hours later, arterial pressure, heart rate, and baroreflex function were measured in conscious and one day later in anesthetized conditions. Basic blood chemistry and circulating markers of cardiac injury were also measured. Baroreflex sensitivity was depressed moderately in CG and TDW, and severely in TDG. TSW displayed increased baroreflex and high sugar intake returned it to CW. Sympathetic nerve activity increased and parasympathetic decreased in TDW but not TSW and these effects were exacerbated sharply in TDG and slightly in TSG. Arterial pressure and heart rate increased in all groups but to a lesser degree in TDG. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase increased in all groups except TSW, but the increase was nearly 3X greater in TDG vs. any other group. Creatine kinase-MB increased in all groups except TSG and was far greater in TD than other groups. Troponin-T and brain natriuretic peptide were greatly increased in TDG compared to all other groups. Thus, perinatal taurine depletion increases injury from cardiac ischemia/reperfusion, and in adult rats on a high sugar diet, these effects are greatly exacerbated.

Perinatal taurine exposure affects adult arterial pressure control

“…Adult heart rate seems to be unaffected by perinatal taurine imbalance (Roysommuti et al 2009c), indicating that cardiac contractility (versus heart rate) is more sensitive to perinatal (compared to adult) taurine exposure. In addition, several lines of evidence indicate that perinatal taurine exposure influences the ability of the heart to effectively function following adverse events, e.g., cardiac ischemia or infarction (Kulthinee et al 2010; Sahin et al 2011). …”

“…In animal models of cardiac ischemia and reperfusion, cardiac injury markers increase in perinatal taurine depleted animals with high sugar intake when compared to control without the high sugar intake, suggesting increased myocardial damage in the depleted animals (Kulthinee et al 2010). In contrast to perinatal taurine depletion, perinatal taurine supplementation appears to alleviate the effects on myocardial injury (Kulthinee et al 2010).…”

“…In contrast to perinatal taurine depletion, perinatal taurine supplementation appears to alleviate the effects on myocardial injury (Kulthinee et al 2010). …”

Radiation protection following nuclear power accidents: a survey of putative mechanisms involved in the radioprotective actions of taurine during and after radiation exposure.

“…There are, additionally, also several studies showing that taurine protects (in the same organ or other parts of the body) against damage caused by ischemia and reperfusion in several different organs: in the heart and isolated cardiomyocytes (209–230), in skeletal muscle or whole limbs (231–235), in the liver (236–247), in the kidneys (248–250), in the testicles (251–253), in the intestines (254), in peripheral nerves (255), in the lungs (256) and in the brain (257–265). There are, however, also some reports showing no protective effect of taurine supplementation, or a paradoxical protective effect of poor taurine status, so all literature data are not consistent.…”

EVALUATION OF THE ACUTE AND SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF Aster tataricus L. F.

“…Nevertheless, the measurement of AST, CK, and LDH activities involves poor sensitivity and specificity in myocardial tissue, and therefore, the use of these measurements in clinical practice is limited. Currently, troponins are used as a replacement (Kulthinee et al, 2010;O'Brien, 2008;Walker, 2006). Hence, the observed increases in CK and LDH might only be a reference for myocardial damage, with greater cardiac toxicity observed in female compared to male rats.…”