Tribological evaluation of soft metallic multilayer coatings for wear applications based on a multiple pass scratch test method © 2016. This manuscript is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license 1 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
AbstractA novel multiple scratch test method was developed for characterising the tribological performance of three different soft tin (Sn) based coating structures. Monolayer coating structure with soft Sn matrix, and 3-layers and 5-layers multilayer coating structures with soft Sn matrix and hard SnNi intermetallic sublayer (s) were produced by electroplating process. Experiments were carried out under various loading conditions and scratching the same coated surface by a 100Cr6 steel ball 50 times in a unidirectional cyclic manner. Load of 10 N allowed each scratch to remove the coating layer-by-layer and thus differentiating the characteristic friction and wear behaviours of three different coating structures. Multiple scratch test method also eliminated the influence of surface roughness of coating and hardness of substrate on tribological results. Post-test surface and cross-sectional analysis of scratched coatings showed the beneficial effects of the lubricious intermetallic sublayer within 3-layers and 5-layers multilayer Sn coating structures. The improvement in performance was even higher with lesser thickness of sublayers in 5-layers structure. In addition, scratch hardness and Vickers hardness measurements also demonstrated the increment in resistance to abrasive wear by the presence of intermetallic sublayer.