High Strength Metallurgical Graphene – Mechanisms of Growth and Properties / Grafen Metalurgiczny O Wysokiej Wytrzymałości – Mechanizmy Wzrostu I Właściwości

Abstract

In this work, the growth mechanisms of chemical vapor deposited and metallurgical graphene and their selected mechanical and electrical properties were investigated. The study revealed the influence of the growth mechanisms on monoand poly-crystalline nanostructures of synthesized graphene monolayers. The structure of flake boundaries greatly affects both the mechanical and electrical properties. The key factors are overlapping of the graphene flakes, their degree of mismatch and the presence of π type bonds. all of these issues should be taken into account when developing industrially scaled technologies for graphene manufacturing.Keywords: graphene; growth mechanism; electrical properties W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań mechanizmów wzrostu oraz wybranych właściwości mechanicznych i elektrycznych grafenu chemicznie osadzanego z fazy gazowej oraz grafenu metalurgicznego. badania wykazały wpływ mechanizmów wzrostu na mono-i polikrystaliczne nanostruktury syntetyzowanych monowarstw grafenu. Struktura granic płatków grafenu znacząco wpływa zarówno na właściwości mechaniczne jak i elektryczne. Kluczowymi czynnikami są: nakładanie się płatków grafenu, stopień ich niedopasowania oraz obecność wiązań typu π. Wszystkie te aspekty powinny być brane pod uwagę przy opracowywaniu technologii produkcji grafenu na skalę przemysłową.

Quasi-Monocrystalline Graphene Crystallization on Liquid Copper Matrix

“…Another raised issue was the dependence of graphene nuclei mobility on their number and density. The aim of this research was to obtain a monolayer of graphene with low-angle type boundaries in which properties are closer to the theoretical ones, as it was described by Kula et al [40].…”

“…The most common structural defects are graphene grain boundaries [21,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], which were found to degrade graphene properties, such as its electrical quality, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength or oxidation resistance [21,26,40,45,[50][51][52][53][54]. Graphene nucleation at multiple sites and the formation of graphene domains causes the formation of grain boundaries.…”

Assessing the quality of large-area monolayer graphene grown on liquid copper for size-selective ionic/molecular membrane separations

“…High Strength Metallurgical Graphene was synthesized on a liquid Cu surface as reported in detail elsewhere [35,38,39] with some minor modifications. At first, 0.2 mm Ni carburized foil was electroplated with Cu using a solution of copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO 4 •5H 2 O), at a current density of 0.02 A cm −2 , for 6 h. Next, the plated foil was heated to 1060 °C under 10 Pa pressure in a reactor (SuperCarb, Seco/Warwick SA) and carburized in an atmosphere of acetylene (0.4 l min −1 ), ethylene (0.4 l min −1 ), and hydrogen (0.2 l min −1 ) mixture using four cycles (each including 5 s of dosing followed by 15 min of hold time for diffusion).…”

Development of a reactor for the in situ monitoring of 2D materials growth on liquid metal catalysts, using synchrotron x-ray scattering, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopy

“…Of the above mentioned problems, the solid state of the substrate seems to be the common source. By taking a radical approach of synthesizing 2DMs on a liquid metal catalyst (LMCat), one can potentially bypass or reduce these problems at once [4]. The surface of a liquid phase provides the most isotropic, defect free, and smooth substrate to grow 2DMs on.…”