High strength composites from low-value animal coproducts and industrial waste sulfur

Lopez, Claudia V.; Smith, Ashlyn D.; Smith, Rhett C.

doi:10.1039/d1ra06264f

Cited by 23 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Figure 1 is a graph showing the effect of carbon nanofiber content on the compressive strength of concrete. It can be seen from Figure 1 that ① when the content of carbon nanofibers is 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4%, the compressive strength of concrete is increased by 2.5%, 6.1%, 9.2%, and 6.8%, respectively; compared with ordinary concrete, it shows that an appropriate amount of carbon nanofibers can effectively improve the compressive strength of concrete, and the improvement effect is the best when the dosage is 0.3%; ② when the content of carbon nanofibers is 0.5%, the compressive strength is reduced by 1% compared with ordinary concrete; and ③ with the increase of the content of carbon nanofibers, the compressive strength of concrete increases first and then decreases, indicating that carbon nanofibers cannot be added to the concrete blindly; too much carbon nanofibers will not only reduce the improvement effect but also cause waste of resources [ 11 ]. The following is the formula for calculating the compressive strength:

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Section: Analysis Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Carbon Nanofiber-Modified Concrete in Industrial Building Design

Liu

2023

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

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In order to explore the influence law and action mechanism of carbon nanofibers on the basic mechanical properties of concrete, the author proposes the mechanical properties and microscopic mechanism of carbon nanofiber-modified concrete. Concrete was prepared with different dosages of carbon nanofibers, and the compressive strength, flexural strength, and splitting strength of carbon nanofiber-modified concrete were tested, and the modification mechanism was explored. Experimental results show that an appropriate amount of carbon nanofibers can improve the mechanical properties of concrete. When the dosage is 0.3%, the mechanical properties of carbon nanofiber-modified concrete are the best, and its compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength are increased by 9.2%, 13.2%, and 17.5%, respectively, compared with plain concrete. Carbon nanofibers can form a three-dimensional network structure inside the concrete, which can improve the microscopic morphology of the concrete, enhance the toughness and integrity of the concrete, fill the pore defects inside the concrete, refine the pore size distribution, and consume part of the fracture failure energy when the concrete is damaged.

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…”

Section: Analysis Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Carbon Nanofiber-Modified Concrete in Industrial Building Design

Liu

2023

International Journal of Analytical Chemistry

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“…[29][30][31] A wide range of innovative, lower-temperature processing and recycling techniques have also been explored. 29,[32][33][34][35][36] Sustainability of HSMs has been further improved by using biologically-produced olen comonomers, such as lignin derivatives, 5,6,8,9 cellulose derivatives, 37,38 starch, [39][40][41][42] raw lignocellulosic biomass, 43,44 fatty acids, [45][46][47] triglycerides, 48,49 terpenoids, 38,50 and amino acid derivatives. 51 Miscibility issues for hydrophilic olen sources during the HSM-forming reaction has been observed in some of these studies and could be addressed by using extended reaction times, adding compatibilizing agents/catalysts, or mechanochemical synthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durable composites by vulcanization of oleyl-esterified lignin

et al. 2023

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“…The highest compressive strength previously reported for sulfur polymer cements employing plant oil cements was for a 5 wt% linseed oil/95 wt% sulfur material (23 MPa) 66 . In contrast, a compressive strength of over twice that required for foundations was accomplished in materials comprising 5 wt% brown grease (a high fatty acid animal fat product), 5 wt% sunflower oil, and 90 wt % sulfur 72 . The compressive strengths of the canola oil and sunflower oil cements and their derivative pozzolan composites are displayed graphically in Figure 2 and summarized in Table 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pozzolans on plant oil‐sulfur polymer cements: More sustainable and chemically‐resistant alternatives to Portland cement

Graham

Lopez

Maladeniya

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Low cost and high durability have made Portland cement the most widely-used building material, but benefits are offset by environmental harm of cement production contributing 8-10% of total anthropogenic CO 2 gas emissions. High sulfur-content materials (HSMs) are an alternative that can perform the binding roles as cements with a smaller carbon footprint, and possibly superior chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. Inverse vulcanization of 90 wt% sulfur with 10 wt% canola oil or sunflower oil to yield CanS or SunS, respectively. Notably, these HSMs prepared at temperatures ≤180 C compared to >1200 C hours for Portland cement CanS was combined with 5 wt% fly ash (FA), silica fume (SF), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), or metakaolin (MK) to give composites CanS-FA, CanS-SF, CanS-GGBFS, and CanS-MK, respectively. The analogous protocol with SunS likewise yielded SunS-FA, SunS-SF, SunS-GGBFS, and SunS-MK. Each of these HSMs exhibit high compressive mechanical strength, low water uptake values, and exceptional resistance to acid-induced corrosion. All of the composites also exhibit superior compressive strength retention after exposure to acidic solutions, conditions under which Portland cement undergoes dissolution. The polymer cement-pozzolan composites reported herein may thus serve as greener alternatives to traditional Portland cement in some applications.

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High strength composites from low-value animal coproducts and industrial waste sulfur

Abstract: Herein we report high strength composites prepared by reaction of sulfur, plant oils (either canola oil or sunflower oil) and brown grease.

Cited by 23 publications

References 64 publications

Application of Carbon Nanofiber-Modified Concrete in Industrial Building Design

Application of Carbon Nanofiber-Modified Concrete in Industrial Building Design

Durable composites by vulcanization of oleyl-esterified lignin

Influence of pozzolans on plant oil‐sulfur polymer cements: More sustainable and chemically‐resistant alternatives to Portland cement

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