High Speed Photographic Study of Wet Droplets and Solid Particles in the Inductively Coupled Plasma

Houk, R. S.; Winge, R.K.; Chen, Xiaoshan

doi:10.1039/a607579g

Cited by 61 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In the last decades, the processes essential in sample introduction and atomization have been studied independently by different research groups [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In particular the investigations with monodisperse droplets generated from aqueous analyte samples of known concentrations [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] gave a deeper insight into the interaction processes of analyte and plasma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular the investigations with monodisperse droplets generated from aqueous analyte samples of known concentrations [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] gave a deeper insight into the interaction processes of analyte and plasma. For example, the trajectory of the atomizing droplet and the diffusion of analytes during their transport through the ICP have been studied applying spectral imaging with fast cameras [12][13][14][15] or by side-on observation of spectral line emission from analyte atoms and ions [6][7][8][9]. An excellent review on single droplet introduction to the ICP has been published by Olesik in 1997 [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local effects of atomizing analyte droplets on the plasma parameters of the inductively coupled plasma

Groh

García

Murtazin

et al. 2009

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local effects of atomizing analyte droplets on the plasma parameters of the inductively coupled plasma

Groh

García

Murtazin

et al. 2009

Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy

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“…In each batch, ICP-MS accuracy was verified with Standard Reference Materials (NIST 1640, Washington, DC or SLRS-4, NRC, Ottawa, Canada) with results within the certified concentration range for all relevant elements. The ICP-MS (equipped with a Babbington nebulizer and 2°C double-pass spray chamber) can determine dissolved constituents, as well as sub-1 μm particles or the outer ~1 μm shell of larger particles (Aeschliman et al, 2003;Houk et al, 1997). This means for very fine particles, the entire particle composition was included in the ICP-MS determined concentration.…”

Section: Sample Elemental Analysis: Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Size dependent elemental composition of road-associated particles

McKenzie

Wong

Green

et al. 2008

Science of The Total Environment

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Stormwater particles often provide transport for metals and other contaminants, however only larger particles are effectively removed by typical best management practices. Fine particles and their associated constituents are more likely to reach receiving waters; this merits further investigation regarding the metal contribution of fine (d p <10 μm) and very fine (d p <1.5 μm) particles. Road associated particles were collected by vacuuming a road surface and by collecting highway stormwater runoff. A cell sorter was employed to sort road associated particles into four size ranges: 0.1-0.3, 0.3-0.5, 0.5-1.0, and 1.0-1.5 μm. These very fine particles, along with six particle size ranges (total range <2-63 μm) separated using a settling column, were analyzed for Al, Mn, Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Enrichment factors (EFs), calculated using Al as a basis to represent crustal contributions, were similar for the vacuumed road dust and the stormwater runoff. Fe and Mn were minimally depleted (0.1x) or near Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. unity for all size ranges (Fe EF range 0.01-3.7; Mn EF range 0.02-10.6). Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were moderately (10x) to considerably (>100x) enriched for most size ranges; these metals were most enriched in the very fine fractions (max EF~4900 in Zn, 0.1-0.3 μm). Based on this preliminary study, a cell sorter is an acceptable means of fractionating aqueous particles of diameter 0.1-1.5 μm. In spite of their minimal relative mass contribution, the very fine particles are environmentally relevant due to their mobility and enrichment in potentially toxic metals.. NIH Public Access

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“…Typically, if plasma parameters are set to maximize signal, the initial radiation zone (IRZ) [30] ends just upstream from the tip of the sampler. The IRZ is fairly sharply defined when a dry aerosol is introduced [31]. The IRZ moves further upstream (i.e., away from the sampling orifice) as power increases and aerosol gas flow rate decreases.…”

Section: Plasma Optimization and Removal Of 12 C 1 H ϩmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of carbon isotope ratios in amino acids, proteins, and oligosaccharides by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

Luong

Houk

2003

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Carbon isotope ratios ( 12 C/ 13 C) are measured for aqueous solutions of tryptophan, myoglobin, and ␤-cyclodextrin using C ϩ ions from an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and a prototype twin quadrupole mass spectrometer (MS). 13 C/ 12 C ratios can be determined with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of ϳ1%. This precision is close to the limiting value predicted by counting statistics (1.16%). Spectral interference on 13 C ϩ , presumably from 12 C 1 H ϩ , comes from the incomplete dissociation of myoglobin and/or ␤-cyclodextrin, but not tryptophan. Decreasing the aerosol gas flow rate slightly from that which yields maximum signal eliminates this 12 C 1 H ϩ interference. The count rate of the minor isotope ( 13 C ϩ ) can be artificially enhanced by increasing the voltage of the 13 C ϩ detector, and/or by shifting the ion beam splitter offset from the central axis. Instrumental modifications to the MS that improve the sensitivity are also described. I nductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a versatile technique for elemental and isotopic analysis. Applications of ICP-MS range from elemental determinations to isotopic analysis in nutrition, clinical studies, geochemistry, environmental studies, and the semiconductor and nuclear industries. ICP-MS has long linear dynamic range (eight orders of magnitude) and detection limits at part per trillion levels for many elements. Most ICP-MS instruments contain a quadrupole or magnetic sector mass spectrometer with a single detector. These are sequential devices that do not measure the various m/z values of interest at precisely the same time. They provide moderate to good precision in isotope ratio measurements, typically 0.05% relative standard deviation (RSD) on ratios close to unity, with substantially poorer precision on large or small ratios [1][2][3][4].Much of the instability in the ion signal is caused by flicker noise from the ICP. This source of noise can be eliminated by measuring the various m/z values at the same time using a multicollector magnetic sector device [5,6]. We have described a unique instrument with two quadrupole mass filters and an ion beam splitter that also eliminates the flicker noise contribution to isotope ratios [7]. Allen and co-workers have analyzed solid copper and steel samples using laser ablation with this twin quadrupole device. The isotope ratio precision reported by Allen et al. was 0.06 to 0.1% for 52 Cr/ 53 Cr, depending on the dwell time and averaging method used [8].This paper evaluates the performance obtained for measurement of carbon isotope ratios from organic compounds at natural isotopic abundance. The ultimate goal is to provide a method for carbon isotopic analyses in bioorganic molecules in aqueous solution. This is an ambitious goal, since carbon is only 1 to 5% ionized in the ICP [9]. Thus, the sensitivity (i.e., count rate per unit concentration) is much lower than that for the metals and metalloids usually determined by ICP-MS, and 13 C is only ϳ1% of 12 C. No more than 0.1% of the analyte ion...

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High Speed Photographic Study of Wet Droplets and Solid Particles in the Inductively Coupled Plasma

Abstract: Density=5.0 g cm−3, ref. 39. † Density=2.7 g cm−3, ref. 39. of these 'lucky' droplets are also sprayed outwards radially Paper 6/07579G

Cited by 61 publications

References 29 publications

Local effects of atomizing analyte droplets on the plasma parameters of the inductively coupled plasma

Local effects of atomizing analyte droplets on the plasma parameters of the inductively coupled plasma

Size dependent elemental composition of road-associated particles

Determination of carbon isotope ratios in amino acids, proteins, and oligosaccharides by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

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