High-speed adaptive optics using bimorph deformable x-ray mirrors

Abstract

Recently, the dynamic performance of piezo-electric deformable “bimorph” mirrors for synchrotron radiation and X-ray free electron laser sources has been characterized and significantly improved. This innovation enables high intensity X-ray beams to be rapidly focused or defocused to either match to the size of the sample under test or to select different sized regions of interest in larger samples. In this paper, we extend these results by monitoring a bimorph mirror using a combination of ex situ metrology instruments. Comparison between results from the Diamond-NOM (Nanometre Optical Metrology) slope profiler, a Fizeau interferometer, and Zygo ZPSTM distance measuring probes shows that bimorph X-ray mirrors can reliably and accurately be driven at 1 Hz using advanced features recently added to the high voltage (HV), bipolar “HV-Adaptos” power supply from CAEN.

Magnetic smart material application to synchrotron X-ray optics: prospects and current progress

“…In general the DM community seems bifurcated into normal incidence wavefront correction for adaptive optics (commercially available; Xinetics and Boston Micro Machines, Imagine Optic all in the US, and ALPAO in France) vs. grazing incidence for X-rays. [1][2][3] Only with the MIRAO system of Imagine Optic, as designed, could one decouple the mirror from the stroke driver. In all cases, however, the requirement is that the power remains on at all times.…”

“…1×10 −5 radians However, it remains to be seen if the advantages of non-contact actuation that should be as linear as the substrate allows are enough to warrant the kind of resources that have been described in the synchrotron optics references (and those therein) we have cited in this paper. [1][2][3]13 In the case of normal incidence DMs for astronomy applications, however, the benefits are there: (a) For DMs that call for a thousands to a millions "pixels", separate fixed actuators require a daunting quality control issue so to avoid dead-pixels; (b) For space applications the power consumed by the power-always-on mode required by the piezoelectric actuators also becomes significant since there is no air to carry away the heat.…”

“…No matter what the community has achieved to date, there still seems to be room for improvement. [1][2][3] The general approach is described in Ref. [1][2][3].…”

“…[1][2][3] The general approach is described in Ref. [1][2][3]. The emphasis has been on making the applications better and better.…”

Адаптивная И Активная Рентгеновская Оптика

“…Гистерезис, как, по-видимому, и ползучесть [40], могут быть ослаблены с помощью обратной модели Прандтля−Ишлинского [41][42][43]. Также было обнаружено [44], что небольшой дрейф остаточной кривизны, вызванный пьезоэлектрической ползучестью, можно легко свести к минимуму, применяя небольшие динамические импульсы корректирующего напряжения на биморфные электроды.…”