High serum OX40 ligand correlates with severity and mortality in patients with massive cerebral infarction

Abstract

OX40 ligand (OX40L) is a member of tumor necrosis factors (TNF)/TNFR superfamily and is mainly expressed in activated T cells and participates in various inflammatory reactions. However, it remains unclear about the role of serum OX40L as a biomarker of cerebral infarction (CI). This study aimed to explore the possibility of serum OX40L as a meaningful predictor in mortality of CI. Severe CI patients were included to collect clinicopathological and laboratory data and measure serum OX40L level. Patients were followed up after discharge and 60-day survival rate was used as the study endpoint. The results showed that of all 294 patients, 123 (41.8%) died within 60 days after admission. Serum OX40L levels were significantly higher in patients with severe CI compared to healthy controls, and were significantly higher in nonsurvivors compared to survivors ( P < .05). The levels of OX40L were correlated with Glasgow Coma Scale score, serum creatinine and high-sensitive C-reactive protein. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum OX40L level was an independent prognostic factor for 60-day mortality, after control of pulmonary infection, glasgow coma scale score and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (odds ratio = 1.089; 95% confidence interval = 1.053–1.126; P < .001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to predict the best cut-off of serum OX40L for 60-day survival as 35.5 ng/mL. Patients with high serum OX40L levels (>35.5 ng/mL) had a significantly higher mortality within 60 days (hazard ratio = 2.885; 95% confidence interval = 1.901–4.378). In conclusion, OX40L is a serum biomarker of patients with CI and associated with severity and mortality of this disease.

Prevention of Non-Cardiogenic Ischemic Stroke: Towards Personalized Stroke Care

“…OX40 ligand (OX40L/TNFSF4) has been studied in 294 patients with ischemic stroke and it was found that serum OX40L levels were significantly higher in patients with severe cerebral infarction compared to healthy controls, and were significantly higher in nonsurvivors compared to survivors. A multivariate logistic regression analysis also showed that serum OX40L level was an independent prognostic factor for 60-day mortality (60). TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL/TNFSF10) showed significant negative correlations with NIHSS score and stroke volume independently from stroke subtypes, suggesting that serum TRAIL might also have a role in acute ischemic stroke (61).…”

Sustained AWT1 expression by Dupuytren’s disease myofibroblasts promotes a proinflammatory milieu

“…4A and B, AWT1 induced a significant increase in TNFSF4 expression in transduced PF and CT PFMs, and DD PFMs exhibit a significant increase in TNFSF4 expression relative to PF and CT PFMs under routine culture conditions. Additional studies could determine if serum levels of OX40L are predictive biomarkers for DD, as they are for SSC (Elhai et al 2016) and other inflammatory diseases (Mao et al 2020; Chen et al 2021; Li et al 2021; Sani et al 2021).…”