High sequence diversity and evidence of balancing selection in the Pvmsp3α gene of Plasmodium vivax in the Venezuelan Amazon

Ord, Rosalynn; Polley, Spencer D.; Tami, Adriana; Sutherland, Colin J.

doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.08.005

Cited by 45 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…However, when taking into account only American isolates, this frequency decreased to 22%. When comparing the PvMSP-3α gene variability of Brazilian isolates with isolates solely from other South America locations (Peru, Venezuela, Colombia and French Guiana), the prevalence of PvMSP-3α gene types were more similar to those reported in Venezuela (Ord et al 2005) and were more distinct from data collected in Colombia (Cristiano et al 2008). In two localities (India and Pakistan), a rare type D allele (0.3-0.5 kb) was identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The PvMSP-3α gene encodes a MSP with a molecular weight ranging from 148-150 kDa and it also contains an alanine-rich central domain that is predicted to form a coiled-coil tertiary structure . PvMSP-3α is highly polymorphic and its variability has been assessed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis in population studies using isolates from diverse geographical origins (Bruce et al 1999, Cui et al 2003, Mascorro et al 2005, Ord et al 2005, Zakeri et al 2006, Veron et al 2009). …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of PvMSP-3α has been performed using isolates from Papua New Guinea (PNG) (Bruce et al 1999, Mueller et al 2002, Thailand (Cui et al 2003, Mascorro et al 2005, Myanmar (Moon et al 2009), Korea (Han et al 2004), Pakistan and Iran (Zakeri et al 2006, Khatoon et al 2010, Venezuela (Ord et al 2005), Peru (Sutton et al 2009), India (Prajapati et al 2010) and French Guiana (Veron et al 2009). Here, we assess the genetic variability of geographically distinct P. vivax populations from Brazil using PCR-RFLP analysis of the PvMSP-3α gene.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the genetic variability of PvMSP-3α among Plasmodium vivax in Brazilian field isolates

Ribeiro¹,

Ladeira²,

Rezende

et al. 2011

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the genetic variability of PvMSP-3α among Plasmodium vivax in Brazilian field isolates

Ribeiro¹,

Ladeira²,

Rezende

et al. 2011

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…Although PfMSP3 has limited sequence polymorphism (McColl et al, 1994;McColl and Anders, 1997;Huber et al, 1997), PvMSP3α and β genes are highly polymorphic (Rayner et al, 2002(Rayner et al, ,2004Mascorro et al, 2005,Ord et al, 2005. Molecular evolution studies suggest that extensive polymorphism of PvMSP3α is probably generated by intragenic recombinations and maintained by balancing selection (Rayner et al, 2002;Mascorro et al, 2005;Ord et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic structures of geographically distinct Plasmodium vivax populations assessed by PCR/RFLP analysis of the merozoite surface protein 3β gene

et al. 2006

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The recent resurgence of Plasmodium vivax malaria requires close epidemiological surveillance and monitoring of the circulating parasite populations. In this study, we developed a combination of polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP) method to investigate the genetic diversity of the P. vivax merozoite surface protein 3β (PvMSP3β) gene among four Asian parasite populations representing both tropical and temperate strains with dramatic divergent relapse patterns (N = 143). Using P. vivax field isolates from symptomatic patients, we have validated the feasibility of this protocol in distinguishing parasite genotypes. We have shown that PCR alone could detect three major size polymorphisms of the PvMSP3β gene, and restriction analysis detected a total of 12 alleles within these Asian samples. Samples from different geographical areas differed dramatically in their PvMSP3β allele composition and frequency, indicating that complex, yet different parasite genotypes were circulating in different endemic areas. This protocol allowed easy detections of multiple infections, which reached 20.5% in the samples from Thailand. It is interesting to note that samples from one temperate site in China collected during a recent outbreak of the disease also showed a high level of genetic diversity with multiple infections accounting for 5.6% of the samples. When combined with the PvMSP3α locus, this method provides better capability in distinguishing P. vivax genotypes and detecting mixed genotype infections.

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“…The gene coding for the MSP-3α (PvMSP-3α) is highly polymorphic and its variability has been assessed by restriction fragment length polymorphism-PCR analysis (Bruce et al 1999). The suitability of PvMSP-3α as a molecular marker has been confirmed in several geographic parasite populations: Papua New Guinea (Bruce et al 1999), Thailand (Cui et al 2003b, Mascorro et al 2005, Pakistan and Iran (Zakeri et al 2006, Khatoon et al 2010, Venezuela (Ord et al 2005), Peru (Sutton et al 2009), Colombia (Cristiano et al 2008), India (Prajapati et al 2010) and French Guiana (Veron et al 2009). However, classifying restriction fragments according to size after electrophoresis is relatively subjective, which hampers large-scale analyses and reduces comparisons between studies.…”

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Molecular markers and genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax

Brito

Ferreira

2011

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Enhanced understanding of the transmission dynamics and population genetics for Key words: malaria -Plasmodium vivax -genetic markers -genetic diversity -multiple-clone infections -microsatellitesMarkers and genetic diversity of P. vivax • Cristiana Ferreira Alves de Brito, Marcelo Urbano Ferreira 13 tual heterozygosity (H E ) values. Virtual H E is the average probability that a pair of alleles randomly obtained from the population is different. Whenever appropriate, in this review we provide H E estimates obtained using different markers for different populations.Molecular markers under selection -Until recently, most genetic markers available for characterising natural P. vivax populations were orthologues of previously identified P. falciparum antigen-coding genes. The wellcharacterised polymorphic regions in these genes have been extensively used to analyse genetic diversity patterns in P. falciparum (Roy et al. 2008). A similar approach has been explored in vivax-oriented studies (Cui et al. 2003a). The following single-copy genes in P. vivax have often been used in these studies: gam1, coding for the gametocyte antigen 1, csp, coding for the circumsporozoite protein (CSP), msp1 and msp3alpha, coding for the merozoite surface proteins (MSP)-1 and 3α, respectively, ama1, coding for the apical membrane antigen 1, and dbp, coding for the Duffy binding protein (DBP) ( Table I).A notable feature of several P. vivax surface antigens (including major vaccine-candidate molecules) is tandem arrays of relatively short amino acid motifs. The CSP in P. vivax (PvCSP), an abundant antigen on the surface of sporozoites that has been extensively used as a vaccine development target, has immunodominant B-cell epitopes that map to central repeats between nonrepetitive sequences (Nardin & Zavala 1998). PvCSP displays two major types of nonapeptide repeats [most commonly GDRA(D/A)GQPA and ANGA(G/D)(N/D)QPG], which define the variants known as VK210 and VK247, respectively (Arnot et al. 1985, Rosenberg et al. 1989 (Fig. 1). Both VK210 and VK247 variants are globally distributed, but geographic biases have been described (Cochrane et al. 1990, Qari et al. 1993a. Similar repetitive sequences are found in Brazil, Southeast Asia and Papua New Guinea (Qari et al. 1991(Qari et al. , 1992. However, markedly divergent sequence variants were found in isolates from China and North Korea (Mann et al. 1994). Although VK210 and VK247-type sequences often occur in sympatric parasite populations, there are no examples of a hybrid repeat array with both repeat types (Lim et al. 2005).A third type of repeat unit [APGANQ(E/G)GAA], identical to that described for Plasmodium simiovale, characterises the so-called P. vivax-like parasites (Qari et al. 1993a). Although P. vivax-like CSP repeats have been found in parasite isolates across the world, its global distribution remains unconfirmed (Gopinath et al. 1994). In Brazil, P. vivax-like parasites have been identified only in mixed-clone infections with VK210-type or VK247-type parasites (Machado...

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High sequence diversity and evidence of balancing selection in the Pvmsp3α gene of Plasmodium vivax in the Venezuelan Amazon

Cited by 45 publications

References 29 publications

Analysis of the genetic variability of PvMSP-3α among Plasmodium vivax in Brazilian field isolates

Analysis of the genetic variability of PvMSP-3α among Plasmodium vivax in Brazilian field isolates

Genetic structures of geographically distinct Plasmodium vivax populations assessed by PCR/RFLP analysis of the merozoite surface protein 3β gene

Molecular markers and genetic diversity of Plasmodium vivax

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