High Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensor Based on D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Coated with Graphene-Silver Films

Silver-TiO2 coated D-shaped photonic crystal fiber based SPR sensor for ultrasensitive refractive index detection: design and FEM analysis

“…The sensor employed silver as the plasma material and incorporated a graphene coating to enhance its sensitivity. The sensor demonstrated successful detection of RI values within the range of 1.33 to 1.41, achieving an impressive sensitivity of 13,750 nm RIU −1 [34].…”

Concentration monitoring through a refractive index compass based on metasurface

“…Furthermore, they demonstrate rapid response to environmental changes and exhibit a high figure of merit. 23) These properties have been widely applied in fields such as fiber optic communication, [24][25][26] medical biotechnology, [27][28][29][30] and environmental monitoring. 29,[31][32][33] Nevertheless, the outcomes of most refractive index sensors based on nanophotonic materials are non-intuitive and require specific analysis with components such as fiber couplers, spectrometers, photodetectors, etc.…”

“…23) These properties have been widely applied in fields such as fiber optic communication, [24][25][26] medical biotechnology, [27][28][29][30] and environmental monitoring. 29,[31][32][33] Nevertheless, the outcomes of most refractive index sensors based on nanophotonic materials are non-intuitive and require specific analysis with components such as fiber couplers, spectrometers, photodetectors, etc. Meanwhile, these sensors often have limited sensing ranges, posing a challenge in directly detecting the absolute value of refractive index.…”