High Sensitivity Optical POF Sensor for Detecting Low Ethanol Concentration in Water

Abstract

This paper presents the preparation of intensity-based plastic optical fiber (POF) sensor and its characteristics in the detection of ethanol concentration in water. Response of the sensor probes were analyzed for 0.02 to 1.00% v/v ethanol concentrations. The POF sensors have high sensitivity of detecting very low concentration of ethanol with 0.02% v/v ethanol in water. The reponsitivity of the polished U-shape sensor was 285 per percent of ethanol concentration. There are three distinct shapes of POF sensor probes that were developed: tapered U-shape; polished U-shape; and polished coil-shape. The POF were shaped into sensor probes by indirectly heating the POF at 80°C for several minutes and rapidly cooled in retaining the shapes. Tapering of POF was done using tensile tester with thermostatic chamber and other sensor probes were polished using fine abrasive for enhancing their sensitivities. The performance of the sensors was tested using He-Ne laser as the light source and the output spectra were analyzed using Ocean Optics spectrometer. The light intensity from the three sensors showed nonlinear response to ethanol concentrations from 0.02% - 1.00%. The POF sensor is more sensitive to 0.02%-0.10% ethanol concentration compared to 0.20% to 1.00%. At lower concentration, water tends to gradually absorb into POF polymer network and causes the fiber to swell more due to volume expansion. Higher ethanol concentration causes the swelling of the fiber to be eventually reduced and reached its detection limit.

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“…In 2010, Chen et al reported a curvature sensor based on Bragg gratings carved in an eccentric-core POF that can measure the magnitude and orientation of the applied bend [24]. In particular, with the development of POF, more and more research has been reported in the field of high-sensitivity sensors and lasers [25,26]. The fiber optic sensor used as temperature monitoring is mainly based on its unique advantages of antielectromagnetic interference, high stability, and ability to be used in a harsh environment [27,28].…”