High-Sensitivity Microwave Sensor for Liquid Characterization Using a Complementary Circular Spiral Resonator

Zhang, Xingyun; Ruan, Cunjun; Haq, Tanveer Ul; Chen, Kanglong

doi:10.3390/s19040787

Cited by 84 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Dielectric Constant Frequency Range (GHz) Resonant Frequency Shift (MHz) [19] 66 for 10% methanol and 77 for the 10% ethanol 4-5 35 for methanol and 30 for ethanol [20] 39 for 40% ethanol 1.3-2.3 40 [21] 58 for methanol 40% and 57 for 40% ethanol 1.7-2.1 30 for methanol and 15 for ethanol [25] 55 for 30% ethanol 1-3 90 [26] 57 for 40% methanol and 53 for 40% ethanol 0.8-2.2 20 for methanol and 30 for ethanol [27] 76.84 for water, 6.62 for ethanol and 20.54 for methanol 2, 5, and 7 8 for water, 2 for methanol, 3 for ethanol [28] 59 for 40% ethanol 0.8-0.95 10 This work 77.5 for water, 57 for 40% methanol and 56 for 40% Ethanol 2.5-3.5 100 for water, 90 for methanol, and 80 for ethanol Table 2. Comparison of sensitivity for the rest chemical samples between our proposed structure and other in literature.…”

Section: Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, they also claimed that the key in designing the sensor structure is to provide strong interaction with adequate tenability in electrical properties of the testing samples. With the aim of distinguishing liquids via dielectric constant, Zhang et al [25] proposed a microwave sensor based on complementary circular spiral resonator (CCSR) which operates at 2.4 GHz. On the other hand, a very high-sensitivity microwave sensor made of a microstrip transmission line loaded with a shunt-connected series LC resonator has been investigated by Amir Ebrahimi and his colleagues for microfluidic complex permittivity measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Metamaterials-Based Hypersensitized Liquid Sensor Integrating Omega-Shaped Resonator with Microstrip Transmission Line

Abdulkarim

Deng

Karaaslan

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In this paper, a new metamaterials-based hypersensitized liquid sensor integrating omega-shaped resonator with microstrip transmission line is proposed. Microwave transmission responses to industrial energy-based liquids are investigated intensively from both numerical and experimental point of view. Simulation results concerning three-dimensional electromagnetic fields have shown that the transmission coefficient of the resonator could be monitored by the magnetic coupling between the transmission line and omega resonator. This sensor structure has been examined by methanol-water and ethanol-water mixtures. Moreover, the designed sensor is demonstrated to be very sensitive for identifying clean and waste transformer oils. A linear response characteristic of shifting the resonance frequency upon the increment of chemical contents/concentrations or changing the oil condition is observed. In addition to the high agreement of transmission coefficients (S21) between simulations and experiments, obvious resonant-frequency shift of transmission spectrum is recognized for typical pure chemical liquids (i.e., PEG 300, isopropyl alcohol, PEG1500, ammonia, and water), giving rise to identify the type and concentration of the chemical liquids. The novelty of the work is to utilize Q factor and minimum value of S21 as sensing agent in the proposed structure, which are seen to be well compatible at different frequencies ranging from 1-20 GHz. This metamaterial integrated transmission line-based sensor is considered to be promising candidate for precise detection of fluidics and for applications in the field of medicine and chemistry.

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Section: Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Metamaterials-Based Hypersensitized Liquid Sensor Integrating Omega-Shaped Resonator with Microstrip Transmission Line

Abdulkarim

Deng

Karaaslan

et al. 2020

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our method can be used for the measurement of arbitrary geometries for material characterization applications attributed to the mechanically conformal structure and the wireless readout capability. The breadth of applications in material characterization using microwave-based sensors have been expanding including biosensing, impurity measurements, ensuring food safety and quality assessment [27]- [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embroidered Rectangular Split-Ring Resonators for the Characterization of Dielectric Materials

et al. 2020

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In this paper, we report an embroidered rectangular split-ring resonator (SRR) operating at S band for material characterization based on the differences in dielectric parameters. We designed, fabricated and characterized SRR sensors on a conventional fabric that can be conformally attached over the surface of samples under investigation. The structures are made of conductive threads and can be embroidered on any dielectric fabric at low cost using conventional embroidery methods. We have demonstrated material characterization capability of the sensors using a specific design with a length of 60 mm and a width of 30 mm. We wrapped the sensors on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) bottles filled with deionized (DI) water and common solvents (ethanol, methanol, isopropanol and acetone) in our experiments. We measured the nominal resonant frequency of a specific sensor wrapped around an empty bottle as 2.07 GHz. The shifts in resonant frequencies when the bottle was filled with the solvents follow the dielectric constants of the solvents.

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“…Initially, these novel properties were achieved using a split-ring resonator (SRR) [16] and complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) [17]. Later, these artificial structures were used to design microwave sensors for testing liquids [18][19][20][21][22], measurement of thickness [23][24][25][26], relative humidity [27], displacement [28][29][30][31][32], rotation [33][34][35][36], strain [37][38][39], permittivity and permeability [40][41][42]. The main advantages of SRR-and CSRR-based sensors are the small size with high sensitivity, lower cost with robustness, and high precision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremely Sensitive Microwave Sensor for Evaluation of Dielectric Characteristics of Low-Permittivity Materials

Haq

Ruan

Zhang

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In this paper, an extremely sensitive microwave sensor is designed based on a complementary symmetric S shaped resonator (CSSSR) to evaluate dielectric characteristics of low-permittivity material. CSSSR is an artificial structure with strong and enhanced electromagnetic fields, which provides high sensitivity and a new degree of freedom in sensing. Electromagnetic simulation elucidates the effect of real relative permittivity, real relative permeability, dielectric and magnetic loss tangents of the material under test (MUT) on the resonance frequency and notch depth of the sensor. Experiments are performed at room temperature using low-permittivity materials to verify the concept. The proposed design provides differential sensitivity between 102% to 95% as the relative permittivity of MUT varies from 2.1 to 3. The percentage error between simulated and measured results is less than 0.5%. The transcendental equation has been established by measuring the change in the resonance frequency of the fabricated sensor due to interaction with the MUT.

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High-Sensitivity Microwave Sensor for Liquid Characterization Using a Complementary Circular Spiral Resonator

Cited by 84 publications

References 41 publications

Novel Metamaterials-Based Hypersensitized Liquid Sensor Integrating Omega-Shaped Resonator with Microstrip Transmission Line

Novel Metamaterials-Based Hypersensitized Liquid Sensor Integrating Omega-Shaped Resonator with Microstrip Transmission Line

Embroidered Rectangular Split-Ring Resonators for the Characterization of Dielectric Materials

Extremely Sensitive Microwave Sensor for Evaluation of Dielectric Characteristics of Low-Permittivity Materials

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