High‐risk transmission clusters of leprosy in an endemic area in the Northeastern Brazil: A retrospective spatiotemporal modelling (2001–2019)

Damasceno, Dayanne Maria; Paz, Wandklebson Silva da; Souza, Carlos Dornels Freire de; Santos, Allan Dantas dos; Santos, Márcio Bezerra

doi:10.1111/tmi.13657

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Notwithstanding, the country exhibits serious social inequalities, as people living in extreme poverty, illiteracy, household clusters, and areas with no access to safe-drinking water and sewage system, mainly in slums (IBGE, 2021). Hence, Brazil is endemic for many neglected diseases as Chagas disease ( Góes et al, 2020 ), leprosy ( Souza et al, 2020 ; Damasceno et al, 2021 ), leishmaniasis ( Ribeiro et al, 2021 ), schistosomiasis ( Paz et al, 2020 ; Silva da Paz et al, 2021 ), and TB ( Lima et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Brazil: Is the WHO End TB Strategy at Risk?

et al. 2022

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Background: In 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the “post-2015 End TB strategy”, that aims to end the global tuberculosis (TB) epidemic by 2030. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted global public health and the strict measures to control the coronavirus spread can affect the management of other diseases, such as TB. Herein, we aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis of TB in Brazil, during 2020.Methods: We carried out an ecological and population-based study, using spatial analysis techniques. The variables used were the new cases of TB, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), and also baciloscopy-positive (BP) cases in Brazil between 2015 and 2020. The percentage of changes (% change) was calculated to verify if there was an increase or decrease of TB cases in 2020, along with time trend analyses given by Joinpoint regression model. Also, interrupted time series analyses were used to assess the trend of TB diagnosis before and after the onset of the COVID-19 in Brazil. Spatial distribution maps were elaborated, considering the % change of each Brazilian state.Findings: Data analyses showed a reduction in the diagnosis of TB (−8.3%) and PTB (−8.1%) in Brazil after the irruption of the COVID-19 pandemic. Likewise, 22 states depicted a reduction in TB diagnosis. An expressive reduction of BP cases (−17.1%) was also observed. Interestingly, interrupted time series analysis showed decline in TB and PTB diagnoses from March 2020. Spatial analyses revealed that all states had a progressive reduction of TB, PTB and PB cases, from March on, with the highest percentages of reduction in December (−100% to −75%).Interpretation: Taken together, our analyses demonstrated a reduction in TB diagnosis after the irruption of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and its regions, signaling a serious impact on the WHO “End TB Strategy” global plan.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Brazil: Is the WHO End TB Strategy at Risk?

et al. 2022

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“…For a better understanding of leprosy transmission dynamics, it is necessary to know the epidemiological factors associated with it [21]. Some studies have already demonstrated that sociodemographic features are linked to this process, such as geographic variations, gender and age [22, 23]. Regarding gender, leprosy can affect proportionally both men and women, but men are most patients with the MB form [3, 4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal trend, high‐risk spatial and spatiotemporal clustering of leprosy indicators in Brazil: A 20‐year ecological and population‐based study

Paz

Ramos

Bezerra

et al. 2023

Tropical Med Int Health

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Objectives: Leprosy still represents a public health concern in Brazil. The country is the only one in America not to reach the global goal of leprosy disease control. Hence, this study aimed to assess the temporal, spatial and space-time patterns of leprosy cases in Brazil of the 20-year time series 2001-2020. Methods: An ecological and population-based analysis was carried out, applying temporal and spatial techniques, and using the detection coefficient of sociodemographic and clinical-epidemiological variables of leprosy new cases in the 5570 municipalities of Brazil. Temporal trends were assessed using a segmented linear regression model. For spatial analysis, global and local Moran indexes were applied, and space-time scan statistics was used to identify risk clusters. Results: The mean detection coefficient was 19.36/100,000 inhabitants, with a higher occurrence among men (21.29/100,000 inhabitants) and in the 60-69 age group (36.31/100,000). A decreasing temporal trend was observed in the country (annual percentage change: À5.20% per year). The North and Midwest regions were the most affected, exhibiting municipalities with a high/high standard, and with the highest annual percentage increase of multibacillary (MB) cases. Leprosy has a heterogeneous distribution throughout Brazil, but with high-risk spatiotemporal clusters, mainly located in the North and Midwest regions. Conclusion: Although Brazil has shown a decreasing temporal trend during the past 20 years, the country is still classified as highly endemic for leprosy, showing an increase in the proportion of new MB cases over the years.

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“…Entre 2001 e 2019 Alagoas apresentou uma taxa média de detecção de casos novos de 14,43/100.000 habitantes, obtendo a classificação de estado altamente endêmico e nesse mesmo período a tendência temporal do estado foi crescente (Damasceno et al, 2021). Isso pode justificar as tendências crescentes de aumento do YLD nesse estudo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Carga Global de Doenças: Estimativa e tendência temporal da carga da hanseníase no estado de Alagoas, Brasil entre 2001 a 2019

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Matos

Bezerra

et al. 2022

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A carga da hanseníase continua a crescer no Brasil, principalmente em áreas endêmicas, ocasionando um grande número de pacientes com incapacidades físicas. Dessa forma, objetivamos mensurar e caracterizar a carga relacionada à hanseníase e analisar seus padrões temporais em Alagoas, Brasil, entre 2001 a 2019. Para isso nós mensuramos os anos de vida perdidos (YLL), anos vividos com incapacidade (YLD) e anos de vida ajustados por incapacidade (DALY) para hanseníase em Alagoas entre 2001 a 2019. As métricas também foram apresentadas como taxas por 100.000 habitantes. Além disso, nós usamos o modelo de regressão log-linear segmentado para avaliar as tendências temporais. Nós estimamos para o estado cerca de 968,48 YLLs, 88,02 YLDs e 1056,49 DALYs por hanseníase em grau 1 e 2 de incapacidade. As maiores taxas por 100 mil habitantes da carga da hanseníase foram no sexo masculino. No entanto, as mulheres apresentaram aumento percentual relativo de DALY altíssimo entre 2001 e 2019. Conforme aumento da faixa etária, também ocorreu aumento das taxas de YLD para o grau 1 e 2 de incapacidade. Além disso, a tendência temporal dos YLDs na população geral foi crescente para o grau 1 e 2 de incapacidade e grau 1. Nossos dados destacam o impacto ainda existente da hanseníase e podem contribuir para a redução da carga e melhorar o controle da doença no Brasil.

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High‐risk transmission clusters of leprosy in an endemic area in the Northeastern Brazil: A retrospective spatiotemporal modelling (2001–2019)

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Brazil: Is the WHO End TB Strategy at Risk?

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Brazil: Is the WHO End TB Strategy at Risk?

Temporal trend, high‐risk spatial and spatiotemporal clustering of leprosy indicators in Brazil: A 20‐year ecological and population‐based study

Carga Global de Doenças: Estimativa e tendência temporal da carga da hanseníase no estado de Alagoas, Brasil entre 2001 a 2019

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