High-risk status of HIV-1 infection in the very low epidemic country, Mongolia, 2007

Jagdagsuren, Davaalkham; Puntsag, Unenchimeg; Baigalmaa, C; B, Oyunbileg; Tsuchiya, Kiyoto; Hachiya, Atsuko; Gatanaga, Hiroyuki; Dulmaa, Nyamkhuu; Oka, Shinichi

doi:10.1258/ijsa.2008.008376

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Mongolia has a total population of 2.8 million, 40% of whom live in the capital city of Ulaanbaatar (World Bank, 2013). Ulaanbaatar has experienced increased alcoholism, unemployment and homelessness, a deteriorating health and social services system, and substantial increases in survival sex work among women (Davaalkham et al, 2009; National AIDS Foundation [NAF], 2001, 2003; Purevdawa et al, 1997). Sex work remains illegal in Mongolia, according to the 1998 Mongolian Law against Pornography and Prostitution which banned the organisation and facilitation of prostitution (Carlson, Tsai, Aira, Riedel, and Witte, forthcoming).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical and sexual violence, childhood sexual abuse and HIV/STI risk behaviour among alcohol-using women engaged in sex work in Mongolia

Parcesepe

Aira²,

Chang

et al. 2014

Global Public Health

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Background Although low, HIV prevalence in Mongolia could increase without strategic prevention strategies. Female sex workers (FSWs) often experience barriers to prevention, including interpersonal violence. This study investigated if childhood sexual abuse (CSA) or recent physical or sexual violence was associated with HIV sexual risk behaviours and if CSA modified associations between recent violence and HIV sexual risk behaviours. Methods Two-hundred twenty-two women who: (1) were at least 18 years old and clients at the National AIDS Foundation; (2) reported vaginal or anal sex in the past 90 days in exchange for money or goods; and (3) met criteria for harmful alcohol use in the past year were enrolled. In-person interviews assessed sexual risk behaviours and violence in childhood and adulthood. Negative binomial regression, ordinary least squares regression, and modified Poisson regression were performed. Results Sexual risk with paying partners was associated with penetrative CSA and sexual violence by paying partners. CSA and recent violence were not associated with sexual risk behaviours with intimate partners. CSA modified the association between recent sexual violence and unprotected sex with intimate partners. Conclusion Findings highlight the need for integrated violence and sexual risk reduction services to ensure safe and effective prevention for FSWs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…STIs, in turn, enhance the probability of HIV transmission during unprotected sex (Choi, Chen, & Jiang, 2008). The prevalence of STIs is high and increasing in Mongolia (Davaalkham et al, 2009; Hagan & Dulmaa, 2007). STIs are currently the most prevalent type of communicable disease in Mongolia (UNGASS, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and sexual violence, childhood sexual abuse and HIV/STI risk behaviour among alcohol-using women engaged in sex work in Mongolia

Parcesepe

Aira²,

Chang

et al. 2014

Global Public Health

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“…A total of 1,415 blood samples from high-risk populations [e.g., female sex workers (FSWs), MSM, mobile men, patients with active tuberculosis and male clients of the sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic] and 1,050 samples from healthy adults were also collected and tested for HIV. Analysis of those samples showed no HIV-1 infection (1). The SGS survey conducted in the same year (2007) showed similar results of no HIV-1 infected cases except one positive in MSM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Mongolia is a very low HIV-1 epidemic country (1,2). The Second-Generation HIV/STI Surveillance (SGS) was established in Mongolia in 2002 for a better understanding of the sexual behaviors that drive the epidemic and disease trends, and to use surveillance data to monitor and plan for the national response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and incidence of HIV-1 infection in a community-based men who have sex with men (MSM) cohort in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Takano

Jagdagsuren

Gombo

et al. 2020

GHM

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The number of HIV-1-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) Mongolian patients started to increase steeply just before 2011. We started collaborative work with community-based organizations that promote safer sex and HIV testing for MSM since mid-2010. Since early 2013, the Mongolian Government has implemented the treat-all strategy for MSM. To determine the efficacy of these countermeasures, we established an MSM cohort in the capital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, in December 2013. HIV antibody was examined at every visit by rapid test. Syphilis was also examined to monitor their sexual behavior. Clients positive for either rapid test were referred to the National Center for Communicable Diseases, Ulaanbaatar, to confirm the results and treatment. Since safer sex promotion is one of the purposes of this cohort, HIV-positive clients were also eligible to participate. A total of 849 MSM were registered and 2,409 HIV/syphilis tests were conducted until December 2017. During this period, 499 (58.8%) clients visited the testing sites repeatedly. Among the 849 clients, HIV-1 infection was confirmed in 83 at registration (prevalence of HIV-1: 9.8%). One HIV-1 seroconverter was identified (from negative to positive), resulting in incidence of HIV-1 of 0.10/100 person-years (PY). Syphilis was positive in 144 cases at registration (syphilis prevalence: 17.0%), and 53 new syphilis infection cases were diagnosed during the same period, with an incidence of 5.66/100 PY. Despite the high prevalence of HIV-1, the incidence was very low. The results suggest that countermeasures for HIV-1 prevention seem effective in this cohort, however, we still need further strategies for syphilis control.

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“…Iatrogenic transmission of HCV in Mongolia was further sustained by other mass vaccination programs, e.g., Polio (21), blood transfusions (22)(23)(24), and extensive use of injection treatments (25). Nosocomial HCV transmission has also been linked to surgery, tattooing, and dental care (20,26,27).…”

Section: Hcv Seropositivity and Risk Factors In Mongolian Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus Seroprevalence in Mongolian Women Assessed by a Novel Multiplex Antibody Detection Assay

Dondog

Schnitzler

Michael

et al. 2015

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes hepatocellular carcinoma and is an important cause of mortality in both industrialized and developing countries. We developed a single-step high-throughput multiplex serology assay for HCV antibody detection and determined HCV prevalence in a highly endemic country.Methods: Five proteins (Core, NS3, NS4A, NS5A, NS5B) each from the three most common subtypes of HCV (1a, 1b, 2a) were recombinantly expressed and used as antigens in a multiplexed antibody detection assay. Multiplex HCV serology was validated with 432 reference sera whose HCV status was established by commercial ELISA, Western blot, and RNA assays. HCV antibodies were determined in 1,023 sera representative for the adult female population of Mongolia.Results: In reference sera, detection of HCV (mostly Core and NS3) antibodies by multiplex serology showed 100% sensitivity

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High-risk status of HIV-1 infection in the very low epidemic country, Mongolia, 2007

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Physical and sexual violence, childhood sexual abuse and HIV/STI risk behaviour among alcohol-using women engaged in sex work in Mongolia

Physical and sexual violence, childhood sexual abuse and HIV/STI risk behaviour among alcohol-using women engaged in sex work in Mongolia

Prevalence and incidence of HIV-1 infection in a community-based men who have sex with men (MSM) cohort in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Hepatitis C Virus Seroprevalence in Mongolian Women Assessed by a Novel Multiplex Antibody Detection Assay

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