High risk of occult hepatitis B virus infection in HIV-positive patients from South Africa

Mphahlele, M. Jeffrey; Lukhwareni, Azwidowi; Burnett, Rosemary J.; Moropeng, Lucky M.; Ngobeni, Johannes M.

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2005.04.003

Cited by 129 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(46 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

126

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Here, a proportion of 19% of HBV DNA positivity was observed among the HBsAg negative, anti-HBc positive, HIV infected patients. This proportion is similar to those found previously in Brazil (20%; Santos et al 2003), and South Africa (22%; Mphahlele et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Patterns of hepatitis B virus infection in Brazilian human immunodeficiency virus infected patients: high prevalence of occult infection and low frequency of lamivudine resistant mutations

Sucupira

Mello

Santos

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…tors (Grob et al 2000, Hu 2002). Moreover, it has been suggested recently that HIV infection may be a risk factor for occult hepatitis B (Mphahlele et al 2006). Our results show that the HBV DNA positivity rates and mean HBV load of the HBsAg positive patients were significantly higher when compared to HBsAg negative patients (p < 0.0001).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Patterns of hepatitis B virus infection in Brazilian human immunodeficiency virus infected patients: high prevalence of occult infection and low frequency of lamivudine resistant mutations

Sucupira

Mello

Santos

et al. 2006

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous studies in South Africa have shown that HBV DNA is significantly higher in HIV-infected than in HIV-negative patients, suggesting that HIV infection may be a risk factor for occult HBV infections. [12,16] This finding highlights the level of undetected active HBV infections that have the potential to affect antiretroviral therapy (ART) as their presence increases hepatotoxicity of ART with consequent limitation of their use. [17,18] Anti-HBs are known to confer protection against HBV at plasma levels ≥10 IU/ml.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hepatitis B virus in HIV-infected patients in north-eastern South Africa: Prevalence, exposure, protection and response to HAART

Ayuk

Mphahlele

2013

S Afr Med J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV are endemic infections in many African countries. The objectives of this study were to determine the levels of exposure to, and protection from, HBV, as well as the prevalence of HIV/HBV co-infection and the response of HBV to highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in a cross-section of HIV-infected patients in north-eastern South Africa. Study design. This was a laboratory-based, unmatched study. Three hundred and eighty patients were screened by ELISA for HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs. Samples non-reactive for HBsAg but reactive for anti-HBc were examined for occult HBV infection. Response to HAART was assessed by measuring HBV viral loads, seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe, and levels of aminotransferase. Results. Of the study population of 380, 60% (95% CI 54.8 -64.9) were exposed to HBV based on HBsAg, anti-HBs or anti-HBc; 20% (95% CI 16.1 -24.4) had active HBV infection, based on HBsAg serology, and 30% (95% CI 25.2 -35.2) were protected, based on anti-HBs levels ≥10 IU/l. Of 181 HBsAg-negative individuals, 61 had HBV occult infection (33.7%, 95% CI 26.9 -41.1). The differences in prevalence were not statistically significant when gender, marital status and CD4+ cell counts were considered. Of 21 patients analysed, 80% showed adequate response to the first-line HAART regimen (stavudine/lamivudine/efavirenz or nevirapine) after 12 months of use. Conclusion. The study confirms the higher level (60%) of exposure to HBV in HIV patients in Limpopo Province, as well as the high (20%) prevalence of HBsAg positivity and occult hepatitis B (33.7%). However, further studies are warranted to corroborate the benefit of lamivudine-containing HAART regimens, as HIV/HBV co-infected patients have a higher liver-related mortality if hepatitis B is not treated.

show abstract

“…Other investigators, however, described no association of OBI with the CD4 count [92] . The prevalence of OBI in HIV-HCV coinfected patients varies in different studies from less than 1% to 40% [22,[93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102] . OBI may also be observed in anti-HIV-positive patients with chronic HBV/HCV coinfection, due to an HBsAg serum clearance consequent to a strong inhibitory effect of the HCV genome on HBV replication [103] .…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Obi In Hiv-positive Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical impact of occult hepatitis B virus infection in immunosuppressed patients

Sagnelli

Pisaturo

Martini

et al. 2014

WJH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High risk of occult hepatitis B virus infection in HIV-positive patients from South Africa

Cited by 129 publications

References 28 publications

Patterns of hepatitis B virus infection in Brazilian human immunodeficiency virus infected patients: high prevalence of occult infection and low frequency of lamivudine resistant mutations

Patterns of hepatitis B virus infection in Brazilian human immunodeficiency virus infected patients: high prevalence of occult infection and low frequency of lamivudine resistant mutations

Hepatitis B virus in HIV-infected patients in north-eastern South Africa: Prevalence, exposure, protection and response to HAART

Clinical impact of occult hepatitis B virus infection in immunosuppressed patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About