High risk and low prevalence diseases: Adult bacterial meningitis

Pajor, Michael J; Long, Brit; Koyfman, Alex; Liang, Stephen Y.

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2022.12.042

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Bacterial meningitis can be indicated by the triad of meningitis symptoms (fever, stiffness, and changes in mental status), as well as by a physical examination to find a stiff neck, Kernig's sign, or Brudzinski sign. 16,20 The patient in this case presented with a fever for three days before admission, arrived at the hospital unconscious (GCS E1M1V1), and revealed positive rigidity on physical examination. Bacterial meningitis, in general, also causes cranial nerve defects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Case Report: Meningitis in Postpartum

Pratama

2024

AKSONA

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Highlight: Meningitis is an infectious disease of the brain membranes and spinal cord. Bacterial meningitis is a severe infection with high mortality and morbidity rates and can be one of the causes of fever in postpartum patients. The most common pathogen that can cause bacterial meningitis is Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS), which causes most of the cases. ABSTRACT Introduction: Meningitis is an infectious disease of the brain membranes and spinal cord. Viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, or aseptic actions can all cause meningitis. Bacterial meningitis is a severe infection with high mortality and morbidity rates that can induce fever in postpartum patients. The incidence of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae Group B (SGB) in pregnant women reached 31.58%; the older the pregnant woman, the greater the risk of invasive SGB. Case: The patient came to the emergency room with unconsciousness, fever, and shortness of breath. The patient presented with Ronchi +, neck stiffness +, and GCS E1M1V1. A chest X-ray found cardiomegaly as well as pulmonary edema. A full blood count indicated leukocytosis, increased neutrophils, elevated SGOT and SGPT levels, and lymphocytopenia. The patient was then given antipyretics, anticonvulsants, neurotonics, neurotrophics, diuretics, antihypertensives, and antianginals. Conclusion: In this study, it can be determined whether infection during pregnancy or labor can cause postpartum meningitis. The most common pathogen that can cause bacterial meningitis is Streptococcus agalactiae Group B (SGB), which causes most cases. Early diagnosis of postpartum meningitis is important in order to begin as soon as possible and achieve the best results for the patient's recovery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Case Report: Meningitis in Postpartum

Pratama

2024

AKSONA

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“…In the past decades, there have been significant changes in the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis, mainly because of the introduction of conjugate vaccines targeting prevalent meningeal pathogens such as Meningococcal, Pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) vaccines [ 3 ]. The prevalence of meningitis has consistently decreased over the last two decades [ 8 ]. The incidence of bacterial meningitis was 0.9 per 100,000 persons annually in the U.S. in 2014, less than half the rate in the 1970s and 1980s [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of meningitis has consistently decreased over the last two decades [ 8 ]. The incidence of bacterial meningitis was 0.9 per 100,000 persons annually in the U.S. in 2014, less than half the rate in the 1970s and 1980s [ 8 ]. Emergency clinicians are, however, still likely to encounter cases of bacterial meningitis despite the decreasing incidence, with an estimated prevalence of meningitis among ED visits at 62 per 100,000 [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of bacterial meningitis was 0.9 per 100,000 persons annually in the U.S. in 2014, less than half the rate in the 1970s and 1980s [ 8 ]. Emergency clinicians are, however, still likely to encounter cases of bacterial meningitis despite the decreasing incidence, with an estimated prevalence of meningitis among ED visits at 62 per 100,000 [ 8 ]. Bacterial meningitis can be fatal if untreated, with reported mortality rates of 30% for pneumococcal and 10% for meningococcal infections [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emergency clinicians are, however, still likely to encounter cases of bacterial meningitis despite the decreasing incidence, with an estimated prevalence of meningitis among ED visits at 62 per 100,000 [ 8 ]. Bacterial meningitis can be fatal if untreated, with reported mortality rates of 30% for pneumococcal and 10% for meningococcal infections [ 8 ]. Emergency clinicians play a crucial role in diagnosing and managing meningitis, as delays can lead to significant morbidity and result in higher healthcare costs for the patient [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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