High‐resolution δ<sup>13</sup>C stratigraphy through the Early Aptian “Livello selli” of the Alpine tethys

Menegatti, A. P.; Weissert, Helmut; Brown, R. S.; Tyson, Richard V.; Farrimond, Paul; Strasser, André; Caron, M.

doi:10.1029/98pa01793

Cited by 481 publications

(595 citation statements)

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“…In this interval the curve is scattered indicating that for some samples diagenesis must have affected the signal. Above the Fischschiefer, the d 13 C carb values show an increase to B7% exceeding the range (4 to 5%) detected in coeval sections [18][19][20] . In the d 13 C carb presented segments, C2, C3-C6 and C7 of the well-established carbon-isotope curve 20 can be recognized.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The average total organic carbon (TOC) content is 1%, highest values of 8% occur in the Fischschiefer. The d 13 C carb values are stable for the lower part, where values of 2.7% are in the range of coeval sections in the North Sea 18 , Pacific 19 and Tethys 20 . Across the Fischschiefer the d 13 C carb values decrease down to approximately À 1%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Early Cretaceous chalks from the North Sea giving evidence for global change

Mutterlose

Bottini

2013

Nat Commun

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Among calcareous nannofossils, important primary producers in Jurassic and Cretaceous oceans, nannoconids were carbonate rock-forming organisms. During the late Barremian and early Aptian (B126 to 122 million years ago), nannoconids went through a crisis culminating during the Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a. Here we present nannofossil and geochemical data from a section of early Barremian-early Aptian age from the North Sea, recording the earliest chalks ever known in the Boreal Realm. These middle-late Barremian chalks were generated by blooming of endemic nannoconids under relative warm and arid conditions. A subsequent decrease of nannoconids in the latest Barremian coincides with increased nutrient and clay input. This nannoconid decline, also detected at low latitudes, was associated with the Ontong Java Plateau emplacement. We conclude that nannoconids were rock forming also at high latitudes, under clear and oligotrophic waters. Their decline was related to increased continental runoff under reinforced greenhouse conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Early Cretaceous chalks from the North Sea giving evidence for global change

Mutterlose

Bottini

2013

Nat Commun

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“…According to the δ 13 C record and the presence of ammonites, the Plaine Morte Bed is dated as equivalent to the late part of the deshayesi zone and the early part of the furcata zone, and may -for its onsetcorrespond in age to oceanic anoxic episode 1a (OAE 1a; Goguel or Selli level), which is also correlated with a positive shift in the δ 13 C record (Menegatti et al, 1998) (Fig. 13).…”

Section: Timing Of the Drowning Phases Of The Urgonian Carbonate Platmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aptian values obtained on sections outside the Alps (e.g., Menegatti et al, 1998;Kuhnt et al, 1998) and as the general trend makes sense, these data are later on used for the interpretation of the age of this member.…”

Section: Urgonian Schrattenkalk Formation (Late Barremian To Early Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demise of the northern Tethyan Urgonian carbonate platform and subsequent transition towards pelagic conditions: The sedimentary record of the Col de la Plaine Morte area, central Switzerland

Föllmi

Gainon

2008

Sedimentary Geology

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The sedimentary succession of the Col de la Plaine Morte area (Helvetic Alps, central Switzerland) documents the disappearance of the northern Tethyan Urgonian platform in unprecedented detail and suggests stepwise platform demise, with each drowning phase documented by erosion and phosphogenesis. The first identified drowning phase terminated Urgonian carbonate production in a predominantly photozoan mode. Using a correlation of the whole-rock δ 13 C record with the well-dated record from SE France, its age is inferred to as Middle Early Aptian (near the boundary between the weissi and deshayesi zones). A subsequent drowning phase is dated by ammonites and by a correlation of the whole-rock δ 13 C record as Late Early Aptian (late deshayesi to early furcata zone). A third drowning phase provides an ammonite-based age of Early Late Aptian (subnodosocostatum and melchioris zones) and is part of a widely recognized phase of sediment condensation and phosphogenesis, which is dated as latest Early to Middle Late Aptian (late furcata zone to near the boundary of the melchioris and nolani zones). The fourth and final drowning phase started in the latest Aptian (jacobi zone) as is also indicated by ammonite findings at the Col de la Plaine Morte. The phases of renewed platform-carbonate production intervening between the drowning phases were all in a heterozoan mode. During the ultimate drowning phase, phosphogenesis continued until the Early Middle Albian, whereas condensation processes lasted until the Middle Turonian. Coverage of the external margin of the drowned Urgonian platform by a drape of pelagic carbonates started only in the Late Turonian. During the Santonian, the external part of the drowned platform underwent normal faulting and saw the re-exposure of already lithified Urgonian carbonates at the seafloor. Based on the here-inferred ages, the first drowning phase just precedes oceanic anoxic episode 1a (OAE 1a or "selli event") in time, and the second drowning phase partly overlaps with OAE 1a. The onset of the third drowning event slightly predates two further periods of increased organic-matter accumulation in the Vocontian Basin (Noir and Fallot levels), and the onset of the fourth and final drowning phase may coincide with two further periods of increased organic-matter accumulation in the Vocontian Basin (Jacob and Kilian levels, part of OAE 1b). These correlations indicate a relationship between the so-called anoxic episodes and the stepwise demise of the Urgonian platform, even if the onset of environmental change is registered earlier on the platform than in basinal sediments.

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“…One major environmental per turbation is the widespread drowning event recorded at multiple sites (i.e. Weissert et al, 1998;Follmi et al, 2006;Castro et al, 2008;Najarro et al, 2011a;Castro et al, 2012). In addition, notable faunal and facies changes in carbonate platforms have been related to the OAEla (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic geochemistry, stable isotopes, and facies analysis of the Early Aptian OAE—New records from Spain (Western Tethys)

Quijano

Jiménez

Pancost

et al. 2012

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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The Early Aptian Oceanic Anoxic Event (OAEla) is a time interval characterized by increased organic carbon accumulation in marine sediments, notable sedimentary and biotic changes, and abrupt carbon-isotope excursions indicative of significant major palaeoenvironmental changes linked to a perturbation in the global carbon cycle. Here we present the study of four sections recording the OAEl a (Early Aptian) in Spain, which are located in two broad basins respectively located in the South and the North of Iberia: the Southern Iberian Palaeomargin (Carbonero, La Frontera and Cau sections) and the Basque-Cantabrian Basin (Puentenansa section), which represent depositional settings ranging from shallow marine (distal ramp -Cau-and drowned platform -Puentenansa-) to pelagic environments (Carbonero, La Frontera). Biomarker compositions, C-isotope profiles, biostratigraphic data and fades analysis from the four sections are correlated and integrat ed. The C-isotope curves all present a clear negative excursion followed by a positive shift. The integration of the C-isotope curves with the biostratigraphic data has been used to correlate the studied sections and to ten tatively identify the eight segments formerly proposed from the Alpine domain, and subsequently identified in sections worldwide. Four main groups of compounds are present in all sections: n-alkanes, isoprenoids, hopanes and steranes. n-Alkanes and acyclic isoprenoids (pristane and phytane) are dominant in most samples.The hopanes are represented by a range ofC27 to C35 components, with the specific isomers varying amongst the sections due to differences in thermal maturity. Steranes ocrur as a range of C27, C28 and C29 isomers, whereas diasteranes only occur in the most thermally mature section (Carbonero). Other compounds of interest include gammacerane and dinosterane. Differences in thennal maturity appear to be the first order control on different biomarker assemblages amongst the studied sections. The Carbonero section is thermally mature, whereas the nearby La Frontera and Cau sections are immature. Puentenansa has intermediate values. Organic matter is de rived from a range of terrestrial, marine and bacterial sources. The dominance of the C29 sterane isomers in all sections suggests a strong contribution from higher plants. The presence of gammacerane indicates water col umn stratification, and high C2g/C30 hopane ratios suggest anoxia at the water/sediment interface, respectively.Sedimentologic analysis also suggests anoxic conditions during sedimentation, but evidence for strong and per sistent water column anoxia is equivocaL The correlation of the sections reveals that sedimentation of organic-rich fades started earlier in pelagic and later in the shallow marine settings, which can be related to an expansion of the favorable conditions for organic matter accumulation and preservation from deep marine waters to shallower platform environments during the development ofOAEla.

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High‐resolution δ¹³C stratigraphy through the Early Aptian “Livello selli” of the Alpine tethys

Cited by 481 publications

References 87 publications

Early Cretaceous chalks from the North Sea giving evidence for global change

Early Cretaceous chalks from the North Sea giving evidence for global change

Demise of the northern Tethyan Urgonian carbonate platform and subsequent transition towards pelagic conditions: The sedimentary record of the Col de la Plaine Morte area, central Switzerland

Organic geochemistry, stable isotopes, and facies analysis of the Early Aptian OAE—New records from Spain (Western Tethys)

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High‐resolution δ13C stratigraphy through the Early Aptian “Livello selli” of the Alpine tethys

Cited by 481 publications

References 87 publications

Early Cretaceous chalks from the North Sea giving evidence for global change

Early Cretaceous chalks from the North Sea giving evidence for global change

Demise of the northern Tethyan Urgonian carbonate platform and subsequent transition towards pelagic conditions: The sedimentary record of the Col de la Plaine Morte area, central Switzerland

Organic geochemistry, stable isotopes, and facies analysis of the Early Aptian OAE—New records from Spain (Western Tethys)

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High‐resolution δ¹³C stratigraphy through the Early Aptian “Livello selli” of the Alpine tethys