High resolution XPS characterization of chemical functionalised MWCNTs and SWCNTs

Okpalugo, T.I.T.; Papakonstantinou, Pagona; Murphy, H.; McLaughlin, James; Brown, N. M. D.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2004.08.033

Cited by 1,339 publications

(804 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…4b) exhibits five distinct components; namely at 284.6, 286.1, 287.4, 289.1 and 290.7 eV according to the deconvolution using Casa XPS software. In accordance with XPS peak assignments for functionalised carbon nanotubes previously adopted by Okpalugo et al, 50 the following bonds were assigned: 284.6 eV (sp 2 CQC/sp 3 C-C), 286.1 eV (C-O), 287.4 eV (CQO) and 289.1 eV (ÀCOO). The peak at 290.7 eV is assigned to the p band shake-up satellite for C 1s in shortened carbon nanotubes, which involves the energy of p -p* transition.…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectramentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The peak at 290.7 eV is assigned to the p band shake-up satellite for C 1s in shortened carbon nanotubes, which involves the energy of p -p* transition. 46,50 This shake-up transition is due to the fact that carbon nanotubes have been functionalised using an oxidising mixture of strong acids before the surface attachment and hence they still have various oxygen containing functional groups at their free ends. Based on the X-ray photoelectron survey spectra shown in Fig.…”

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct attachment of well-aligned single-walled carbon nanotube architectures to silicon (100) surfaces: a simple approach for device assembly

Shapter

Quinton

et al. 2007

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

115

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A new approach for the attachment of vertically-aligned shortened carbon nanotube architectures to a silicon (100) substrate by chemical anchoring directly to the surface has been demonstrated for the first time. The ordered assembly of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was accomplished by hydroxylating the silicon surface followed by a condensation reaction with carboxylic acid functionalised SWCNTs. This new nanostructure has been characterised by X-ray photoelectron, Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as well as scanning electron and atomic force microscopy. The assembly behaviour of SWCNTs onto the silicon surface shows a fast initial step producing isolated functionalised carbon nanotubes or nanotube bundles anchored to the silicon surface followed by a slower step where the adsorbed nanotubes grow into larger aggregates via van der Waals interactions between adsorbed and solvated nanotubes. The electrochemical and optical properties of the SWCNTs directly attached to silicon have also been investigated. These new nanostructures are excellent electrochemical electrodes. They also fluoresce in the wavelength range 650-800 nm. The successful attachment of the SWCNTs directly to silicon provides a simple, new avenue for fabrication and development of silicon-based nanoelectronic, nano-optoelectronic and sensing devices. Compared to existing techniques, this new approach has several advantages including low operating temperature, low cost and the possibility of further modification.

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Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectramentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: X-ray Photoelectron Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct attachment of well-aligned single-walled carbon nanotube architectures to silicon (100) surfaces: a simple approach for device assembly

Shapter

Quinton

et al. 2007

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The binding energy of 285.2 eV corresponds to either C-C or to C-H bonds in the sp 3 tetrahedral configuration 28,29 whereas the component located at 286.7 eV corresponds to carbon-oxygen bonds. 29 The amount of carbon in the patterns has increased 650% relative to the unpatterned regions. The increase in the carbon concentration is mostly due to C-C bonds.…”

Section: Fig 1 ͑Color͒ ͑A͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanopatterning of carbonaceous structures by field-induced carbon dioxide splitting with a force microscope

García¹,

Losilla²,

Martínez³

et al. 2010

Applied Physics Letters

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We report a tip-based nanofabrication method to generate carbon nanopatterns. The process uses the field-induced transformation of carbon dioxide gas into a solid material. It requires the application of low-to-moderate voltages ϳ10-40 V. The method allow us to fabricated sub-25 nm dots and it can be up scaled to pattern square centimeter areas. Photoemission spectroscopy shows that the carbon is the dominating atomic species of the fabricated structures. The formation of carbon nanostructures and oxides by atomic force microscope nanolithography expands its potential by providing patterns on the same sample with different chemical composition.

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“…But the fifth kind of bonding is the C-H bonding for the CHO aldehyde group by the two bands at wave numbers 2850 and 2750 cm �1 [31] . It is also supported by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of the carbon and oxygen, as shown in Figure 3, which is a useful tool to analyse the surface chemistry of CNTs [32]. In the XPS analysis of carbon in functionalised CNTs, a peak caused by carboxyl groups is shown at a binding energy of 285 eV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotube/silver nanocomposite powders by chemical reduction in aqueous solution

Daoush

Hong

2013

Journal of Experimental Nanoscience

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Carbon nanotube (CNT)/silver nanocomposite powders with different volume fractions of CNTs 2.5, 5 and 10 vol.% were prepared by chemical reduction in solution. Multi-walled CNTs underwent surface modifications for functionalisations by acid treatments. The acid-treated CNTs were investigated by FT-IR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The spectroscopic investigations of the acid-functionalised CNTs detected that several kinds of functional groups attached with the graphene structure as well as produced short and de-caped CNTs. Acidic stannous chloride solution was used to sensitise the surface of the functionalised CNTs. Silver was deposited on the surface of sensitised CNTs with chemical reduction reaction of alkaline silver nitrate solution by formaldehyde at room temperature and pH � 9. The morphology of the produced CNT/silver nanocomposite powder was investigated by high-resolution SEM and TEM. It was observed that the produced CNT/silver nanocomposite powders have decorated type of spherical silver particle size 2-5 nm deposited on the surface of CNTs as well as the CNTs were implanted in large spherical silver nanoparticles of particle size �200 nm. The chemical analysis of the produced powder indicates that some oxygen content is included in the prepared powders which can be reduced by heat treatment at temperatures between 300 � C and 400 � C under hydrogen atmosphere.

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High resolution XPS characterization of chemical functionalised MWCNTs and SWCNTs

Cited by 1,339 publications

References 19 publications

Direct attachment of well-aligned single-walled carbon nanotube architectures to silicon (100) surfaces: a simple approach for device assembly

Direct attachment of well-aligned single-walled carbon nanotube architectures to silicon (100) surfaces: a simple approach for device assembly

Nanopatterning of carbonaceous structures by field-induced carbon dioxide splitting with a force microscope

Synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotube/silver nanocomposite powders by chemical reduction in aqueous solution

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