High‐Resolution X‐Ray Spectroscopy of the Interstellar Medium: Structure at the Oxygen Absorption Edge

Juett, Adrienne M.; Schulz, Norbert S.; Chakrabarty, Deepto

doi:10.1086/422511

Cited by 125 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…According to the calibration procedure described previously, the total uncertainty is obtained by adding 180 meV to the statistical uncertainty. Our energy value for the line arising from the ion in the 4 S • ground term (line 3) is compared to the previous measurements of Kawatsura and co-workers [23] using also the merged-beam technique, and to the observations of Chandra [1,2,5,24] and XMM-Newton [3] x-ray satellites (fourth column). The final column compares our measured natural widths and oscillator strengths f with the results of our 023401-5 MCDF and R-matrix calculations, as well as with the results of previous theoretical works [16][17][18].…”

Section: Scatteringmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…K-shell photoabsorption of oxygen and its ions is often responsible for prominent features in the interstellar medium (ISM) absorption spectra in the 500-600-eV photon energy range. Indeed oxygen K-shell absorption lines have been observed towards both low-mass x-ray binaries [1][2][3][4][5] and active nucleus of Seyfert galaxies [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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K-shell photoionization of O^4 +and O^5 +ions: experiment and theory

McLaughlin

Bizau

Cubaynes

et al. 2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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Absolute cross sections for the single and double K-shell photoionization of carbonlike O 2+ and nitrogenlike O + ions were measured in the 526-620-eV photon energy range by employing the ion-photon merged-beam technique at the SOLEIL synchrotron radiation facility. High-resolution spectroscopy up to E/ E ≈ 5300 was achieved. Rich resonance structures observed in the experimental spectra are analyzed and identified with the aid of R-matrix and multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) methods. For these two atomic oxygen ions of particular astrophysical interest we characterized the strong 1s → 2p and the weaker 1s → np (n > 2) resonances observed. A detailed comparison of the energies of the 1s → 2p resonances in the first members of the oxygen isonuclear sequence measured by synchrotron based experiments and the Chandra and XMM-Newton x-ray satellites is presented.

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Section: Scatteringmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

K-shell photoionization of O^4 +and O^5 +ions: experiment and theory

McLaughlin

Bizau

Cubaynes

et al. 2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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“…Absorption structure due to ionized gas and dust was found around the interstellar oxygen K-shell absorption edge in the spectra of several sources (Paerels et al 2001;de Vries et al 2003;Juett et al 2004;Costantini et al 2005Costantini et al , 2012Kaastra et al 2009;Pinto et al 2010Pinto et al , 2012a.…”

Section: Richter 2006)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstellar medium composition through X-ray spectroscopy of low-mass X-ray binaries

Pinto

Kaastra

Costantini

et al. 2013

A&A

125

127

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Context. The diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) is an integral part of the evolution of the entire Galaxy. Metals are produced by stars and their abundances are the direct testimony of the history of stellar evolution. However, the interstellar dust composition is not well known and the total abundances are yet to be accurately determined. Aims. We probe ISM dust composition, total abundances, and abundance gradients through the study of interstellar absorption features in the high-resolution X-ray spectra of Galactic low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). Methods. We used high-quality grating spectra of nine LMXBs taken with XMM-Newton. We measured the column densities of O, Ne, Mg, and Fe with an empirical model and estimated the Galactic abundance gradients. Results. The column densities of the neutral gas species are in agreement with those found in the literature. Solids are a significant reservoir of metals like oxygen and iron. Respectively, 15-25% and 65-90% of the total amount of O i and Fe i is found in dust.The dust amount and mixture seem to be consistent along all the lines-of-sight (LOS). Our estimates of abundance gradients and predictions of local interstellar abundances are in agreement with those measured at longer wavelengths. Conclusions. Our work shows that X-ray spectroscopy is a very powerful method to probe the ISM. For instance, on a large scale the ISM appears to be chemically homogeneous showing similar gas ionization ratios and dust mixtures. The agreement between the abundances of the ISM and the stellar objects suggests that the local Galaxy is also chemically homogeneous.

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“…We can use the HETGS data to investigate photoelectric absorption during persistent emission and during dips. We detect absorption edges for Mg K, Ne K, Fe L, and O K at 9.48 Å (1308 eV), 14.29 Å (867 eV), 17.51 Å (708 eV), and 22.89 Å (542 eV) (Juett et al 2004(Juett et al , 2006. Since the Chandra data were taken in CC graded mode, we cannot model the spectral continuum as we did for the pn-spectra, but need to defer to a local continuum modelling.…”

Section: Chandra Grating Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…obsid 1102 for 29 ks (Juett et al 2004), obsid 1016 for 14.6 ks, and obsids 8170 and 8599 for 134 ks ). The results are shown in Table 2 and Fig.…”

Section: Comparison With Previous Chandra Observations Of Cyg X-2mentioning

confidence: 98%

Dipping in CygnusX-2 in a multi-wavelength campaign due to absorption of extended ADC emission

Bałucińska‐Church

Schulz

Wilms³

et al. 2011

A&A

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We report results of one-day simultaneous multiwavelength observations of Cygnus X-2 using XMM, Chandra, the European VLBI Network and the XMM Optical Monitor. During the observations, the source did not exhibit Z-track movement, but remained in the vicinity of the soft apex. It was in a radio quiescent/quiet state of <150 μJy. Strong dip events were seen as 25% reductions in X-ray intensity. The use of broadband CCD spectra in combination with narrow-band grating spectra has now demonstrated for the first time that these dipping events in Cygnus X-2 are caused by absorption in cool material in quite a unique way. In the band 0.2−10 keV, dipping appears to be due to progressive covering of the Comptonized emission of an extended accretion disk corona, the covering factor rising to 40% in deep dipping with an associated column density of 3 × 10 23 atom cm −2 . Remarkably, the blackbody emission of the neutron star is not affected by these dips, in strong contrast with observations of typical low mass X-ray binary dipping sources. The Chandra and XMM gratings directly measure the optical depths in absorption edges such as Ne K, Fe L, and O K and a comparison of the optical depths in the edges of non-dip and dip data reveals no increase of optical depth during dipping even though the continuum emission sharply decreases. Based on these findings, at orbital phase 0.35, we propose that dipping in this observation is caused by absorption in the outer disk by structures located opposite to the impact bulge of the accretion stream. With an inclination angle >60 • these structures can still cover large parts of the extended ADC, without absorbing emission from the central neutral star.

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High‐Resolution X‐Ray Spectroscopy of the Interstellar Medium: Structure at the Oxygen Absorption Edge

Cited by 125 publications

References 34 publications

K-shell photoionization of O^4 +and O^5 +ions: experiment and theory

K-shell photoionization of O^4 +and O^5 +ions: experiment and theory

Interstellar medium composition through X-ray spectroscopy of low-mass X-ray binaries

Dipping in CygnusX-2 in a multi-wavelength campaign due to absorption of extended ADC emission

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High‐Resolution X‐Ray Spectroscopy of the Interstellar Medium: Structure at the Oxygen Absorption Edge

Cited by 125 publications

References 34 publications

K-shell photoionization of O4 +and O5 +ions: experiment and theory

K-shell photoionization of O4 +and O5 +ions: experiment and theory

Interstellar medium composition through X-ray spectroscopy of low-mass X-ray binaries

Dipping in CygnusX-2 in a multi-wavelength campaign due to absorption of extended ADC emission

Contact Info

Product

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K-shell photoionization of O^4 +and O^5 +ions: experiment and theory

K-shell photoionization of O^4 +and O^5 +ions: experiment and theory