High-resolution seismic sub-bottom reflection record of low hypsithermal lake levels in Ontario lakes

Eyles, Nicholas; Zajch, Andrew; Doughty, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jglr.2014.11.023

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…During the recession of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, substantial areas of eastern Canada were inundated by large glacial lakes or by extensions of the sea onto isostatically depressed areas (Dyke et al, 2003). These water bodies subsequently drained or receded, but thick accumulations of glaciolacustrine and glaciomarine deposits are preserved in modern lakes basins (e.g., Kaszycki, 1987;Lazorek et al, 2006;Brooks and Medioli, 2012;Normandeau et al, 2013;Eyles et al, 2015). Submarine landslide deposits have been recognized within glaciolacustrine or early post-glacial lacustrine deposits and some have been interpreted to be evidence of paleoearthquakes (Adams, 1982;Ouellet, 1997;Doughty et al, 2014;Lajeunesse et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of late glacial paleoseismicity from submarine landslide deposits within Lac Dasserat, northwestern Quebec, Canada

Brooks

2016

Quat. res.

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An integrated seismo- and chronostratigraphic investigation at Lac Dasserat, northwestern Quebec, identified 74 separate failures within eight event horizons. Horizons E and B, and H and G have strong or moderately-strong multi-landslide signatures, respectively, composed of 11-23 failures, while horizons F, D, C, and A have minor landslide signatures consisting of a single or pair of deposit(s). Cores collected at six sites recovered glacial Lake Ojibway varve deposits that are interbedded with the event horizons. The correlation of the varves to the regional Timiskaming varve series allowed varve ages or ranges of varve ages to be determined for the event horizons. Horizons H, G, E, and B are interpreted to be evidence of paleoearthquakes with differing levels of interpretative confidence, based on the relative strength of the multi-landslide signatures, the correlation to other disturbed deposits of similar age in the region, and the lack or possibility of alternative aseismic mechanisms. The four interpreted paleoearthquakes occurred between 9770 ± 200 and 8470 ± 200 cal yr BP, when glacial Lake Ojibway was impounded behind the Laurentide Ice Sheet during deglaciation. They probably represent an elevated period of seismicity at deglaciation that was driven by crustal unloading.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of late glacial paleoseismicity from submarine landslide deposits within Lac Dasserat, northwestern Quebec, Canada

Brooks

2016

Quat. res.

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“…2). Erosional highs of similar size and geometry, with associated glacially incised grooves, have been identified using LIDAR data in southern Ontario and are underlain by Paleozoic limestones (Eyles and Doughty, 2015; Bukhari et al, 2020). These features in southern Ontario are also interpreted as erosional structures that are the result of ice streaming (Bukhari et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial deposits and landforms at the terminus of a Laurentide ice stream, Oneida Lake, New York, from multichannel seismic reflection data

Zaremba

Scholz

2021

Quat. res.

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The deglaciation record of the Ontario Lowland and Mohawk Valley of North America is important for constraining the retreat history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, end-Pleistocene paleoclimate, and ice-sheet processes. The Mohawk Valley was an important meltwater drainage route during the last deglaciation, with the area around modern Oneida Lake acting as a valve for meltwater discharge into the North Atlantic Ocean. The Mohawk Valley was occupied by the Oneida Lobe and Oneida Ice Stream during the last deglacial period. Multichannel seismic reflection data can be used to generate images of preglacial surfaces and internal structures of glacial bedforms and proglacial lake deposits, thus contributing to studies of deglaciation. This paper uses 217 km of offshore multichannel seismic reflection data to image the entire Quaternary section of the Oneida basin. A proglacial lake and paleo-calving margin is interpreted, which likely accelerated the Oneida Ice Stream, resulting in elongated bedforms observed west of the lake. The glacial bedforms identified in this study are buried by proglacial lake deposits, indicating the Oneida basin contains a record of glacial meltwater processes, including a 60-m-thick proglacial interval in eastern Oneida Lake.

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“…During the northward retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS), a series of large glacial lakes covered substantial regions of the eastern and central Canadian landscape, (see Dyke, ). A legacy of these lakes is extensive deposits of glaciolacustrine sediments that commonly are well‐preserved within residual, modern lake basins on the former glacial lake beds (Kaszycki, ; Lazorek et al ., ; Brooks & Medioli, ; Eyles et al ., ). In many modern lake basins, subaqueous MTDs are interbedded within the glaciolacustrine or early post‐glacial lacustrine deposits and some are interpreted to be evidence of palaeoearthquakes (Adams, ; Shilts et al ., ; Ouellet, ; Doughty et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Deglacial record of palaeoearthquakes interpreted from mass transport deposits at three lakes near Rouyn‐Noranda, north‐western Quebec, Canada

Brooks

2018

Sedimentology

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As part of an investigation of deglacial palaeoseismology within an intracratonic region of north-eastern North America, the compilation of sub-bottom acoustic profile surveys from study areas at Duparquet and Dufresnoy lakes, north-western Quebec, Canada, produced thirteen and eight event horizon maps, respectively, depicting subaqueous mass transport deposits that are interbedded within Lake Ojibway glaciolacustrine varve deposits. Analysis of rhythmic couplets recovered in cores from both locations yielded varve ages with annual resolution for the event horizons relative to the regional Timiskaming varve series. These results are integrated with the published event horizon stratigraphy and varve chronology from nearby Lac Dasserat. The combined event horizon records for the three lakes overlap between varve years 1175 to 1625 (9395 to 8945 AE 200 cal year BP) and consist of 26 event horizons. Fifteen event horizons are inferred to be evidence of 11 palaeoearthquakes at qualitative levels of interpretative confidence varying from high to low. The palaeoearthquake interpretations and assessments of interpretative confidence are made from weightings of the event horizon signatures and, where possible, evidence supporting a stratigraphic footprint extending beyond a given study area. Occurring over a 450 varve year period when rapid crustal uplift was still underway, 11 interpreted palaeoearthquakes happened at an average rate of every ca 40 years. Relative to a published minimum threshold magnitude for generating a recognizable geomorphic signature, this average rate of occurrence exceeds the modern return period by two orders of magnitude. The palaeoearthquakes probably occurred within a period of elevated seismicity associated with rapid crustal unloading during deglaciation.

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High-resolution seismic sub-bottom reflection record of low hypsithermal lake levels in Ontario lakes

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Evidence of late glacial paleoseismicity from submarine landslide deposits within Lac Dasserat, northwestern Quebec, Canada

Evidence of late glacial paleoseismicity from submarine landslide deposits within Lac Dasserat, northwestern Quebec, Canada

Glacial deposits and landforms at the terminus of a Laurentide ice stream, Oneida Lake, New York, from multichannel seismic reflection data

Deglacial record of palaeoearthquakes interpreted from mass transport deposits at three lakes near Rouyn‐Noranda, north‐western Quebec, Canada

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