High-resolution photoelectron emission spectroscopy of surface states on Ni(111)

Hidden surface states on pristine and H-passivated Ni(111): Angle-resolved photoemission and density-functional calculations

“…The two dominant peaks at binding energies of 0.54 eV and 1.37 eV should correspond to the Λ 3 and Λ 1 bulk d-bands, respectively. On close inspection, the already known surface states [7][8][9][10][11][12] can be easily observed: (i) S 1 with a binding energy of 0.025 eV and (ii) S 2 at a binding energy of 0.28 eV. A first visual search for the theoretically expected surface state, S 3 , does not seem to be successful, but we clearly observe that the Λ 1 peak is much broader than the Λ 3 bulk band.…”

“…In real non-ideal crystal surfaces the distinction between Shockley and Tamm surface states is sometimes blurred, and can only be differentiated by the mathematical approximation used in their derivation [2][3][4] . On Ni(111) two different surface states near normal emission, S 1 and S 2 , are known [7][8][9][10][11][12] . S 1 is the surface state closest to the Fermi energy with an electron-like (upward) dispersion (maximum binding energy ∼50 meV).…”

Exchange splitting of the threeΓ¯surface states of Ni(111) from three-dimensional spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

“…Only recently a related surface state splitting was inferred from scanning tunneling spectroscopy [4]. Though, this splitting was not present everywhere on the surface, and its Fermi vectors did not correspond to the previous inverse photoemission [3] nor photoemission experiments [5]. Also, spin integrated state of the art high resolution photoemission [6] and corresponding scanning probe experiments did not resolve this issue [7].…”

Exchange-split interface state at h-BN/Ni(111)

“…The electronic properties of the constituent parts, the (111) surface of the 3d band ferromagnet nickel [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] and the chemically inert insulator boron nitride (BN) [9][10][11] have already been thoroughly explored. h-BN/Ni(111) was further employed as a substrate for the investigation of C 60 molecules, because the h-BN layer electronically decouples the molecules from the substrate.…”