PurposeSubsurface irrigation has been confirmed to have high water use efficiency (WUE) due to it irrigating only the crop root zone. This study investigated hydrotropic root behavior when a wet zone was produced around the roots by subsurface irrigation to clarify the dynamics of soil water content in the wet zone caused by water absorption of the growing plant. ResultsWe conducted a feasibility study of a high-resolution soil moisture sensing prototype and gathered data to analyze hydrotropism and plant water absorption activity. We applied signal processing, high pass filtering, and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to the acquired high-resolution soil moisture data. The results showed distinct fluctuation of moisture at the boundary area, which indicated plant’s biological rhythm of photosynthetic activities. We also quantified root distribution inside and outside the wet zone and observed the shape of the root system from the cross-section of the wet zone. The results show that hydrotropism restricted most of the roots to the inside of the wet zone. Furthermore, root hydrotropic response is nonuniform for all roots of an individual plant. ConclusionsThe results suggest a new method to study hydrotropic root behavior and plant photosynthetic activities. We assumed a mechanical, push-and-pull model of water dynamics at the wetting front and the root mass accumulated by hydrotropism is an important system parameter. To further evaluate a plant’s hydrotropic performance, it is necessary to use stochastic analysis and/or a non-deterministic approach.