High-Resolution Non-Hydrostatic Simulations of Flash-Flood Episodes with Grid-Nesting and Ice-Phase Parameterization

Stein, Joël; Richard, Évelyne; Lafore, Jean‐Philippe; Pinty, Jean‐Pierre; Asencio, N.; Cosma, S.

doi:10.1007/s007030050016

Cited by 139 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The simulations were performed with a coupled model consisting of the non-hydrostatic meso-scale atmospheric model MESO-NH (Lafore et al, 1998;Stein et al, 2000) and four surface-atmosphere energy-exchange models gathered in the SURFEX numerical tool. The implementation of the models actually rely on a combination of 3 nested domains (Stein et al, 2000) of different spatial and temporal resolutions to go down to a 250 m horizontal resolution: the first domain includes all of France (FR, with a size of 500 × 500 grid cells and a 2.5 km resolution, top left of Figure 2), while the second extends to theÎle-de-France region (IDF, with a size of 80 × 80 grid cells and a 1.25 km resolution, top right of Figure 2), and the third and last domain focuses on Greater Paris (GP, domain of interest, with a size of 100 × 90 grid cells and a 250 m resolution, bottom of Figure 2).…”

Section: Atmospheric Model Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The implementation of the models actually rely on a combination of 3 nested domains (Stein et al, 2000) of different spatial and temporal resolutions to go down to a 250 m horizontal resolution: the first domain includes all of France (FR, with a size of 500 × 500 grid cells and a 2.5 km resolution, top left of Figure 2), while the second extends to theÎle-de-France region (IDF, with a size of 80 × 80 grid cells and a 1.25 km resolution, top right of Figure 2), and the third and last domain focuses on Greater Paris (GP, domain of interest, with a size of 100 × 90 grid cells and a 250 m resolution, bottom of Figure 2). To model the period of interest (8-13 August 2003), the atmospheric model running on FR is initiated and then coupled at its lateral boundaries every 6 h with the analysis of the weather forecasts from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF).…”

Section: Atmospheric Model Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

How much can air conditioning increase air temperatures for a city like Paris, France?

Munck

Pigeon

Masson

et al. 2012

Intl Journal of Climatology

157

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A consequence of urban heat islands in summer is an increase in the use of air conditioning in urbanized areas, which while cooling the insides of buildings, releases waste heat to the atmosphere. A coupled model consisting of a meso-scale meteorological model (MESO-NH) and an urban energy balance model (TEB) has been used to simulate and quantify the potential impacts on street temperature of four air conditioning scenarios at the scale of Paris. The first case consists of simulating the current types of systems in the city and was based on inventories of dry and evaporative cooling towers and free cooling systems with the river Seine. The other three scenarios were chosen to test the impacts of likely trends in air conditioning equipment in the city: one for which all evaporative and free cooling systems were replaced by dry systems, and the other two designed on a future doubling of the overall air conditioning power but with different technologies. The comparison between the scenarios with heat releases in the street and the baseline case without air conditioning showed a systematic increase in the street air temperature, and this increase was greater at nighttime than day time. It is counter-intuitive because the heat releases are higher during the day. This is due to the shallower atmospheric boundary layer during the night. The increase in temperature was 0.5°C in the situation with current heat releases, 1°C with current releases converted to only sensible heat, and 2°C for the future doubling of air conditioning waste heat released to air. These results demonstrated to what extent the use of air conditioning could enhance street air temperatures at the scale of a city like Paris, and the importance of a spatialized approach for a reasoned planning for future deployment of air conditioning in the city.

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Section: Atmospheric Model Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Atmospheric Model Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How much can air conditioning increase air temperatures for a city like Paris, France?

Munck

Pigeon

Masson

et al. 2012

Intl Journal of Climatology

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The 10-km resolution domain (RAI10), covering Western Europe, Maghreb and the Western Mediterranean Sea, is two-way nested in the 40-km domain. The coarser grid provides the lateral boundary conditions to the finer grid, while the variables of the coarser grid are relaxed with a short relaxation time towards the finer grid values in the overlapping area (Stein et al, 2000). The last day before the HPE, a third two-way nested domain at 2.5 km resolution (RAI2.5) is added in order to ease the comparison between this set of simulations and the HRA2.5 ones.…”

Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of the moisture feeding the Heavy Precipitating Systems over Southeastern France

Duffourg

Ducrocq

2011

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

107

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“…The numerical simulations at mesoscale were performed with the non-hydrostatic model Meso-NH (Lafore et al, 1998) version 4.7 with triply nested grids using a two-way nesting method (Stein et al, 2000). The model domains shown in Figure 6 have horizontal grid spacings of 32, 8, and 2 km.…”

Section: Numerical Set-up and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical transition of a Mediterranean storm by jet crossing

Chaboureau

Pantillon

Lambert

et al. 2011

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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The tropical transition of a Mediterranean storm that occurred on 26 September 2006 over southeastern Italy is investigated. The explosive development classified this cyclone as a bomb and its full-tropospheric warm core as a tropical-like storm or medicane. Forecasts at different scales were analysed to identify the key mechanisms in the explosive development of the medicane. At 108 h lead time, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) failed to predict the medicane and the associated upper-level trough downstream of the ex-tropical cyclone Helene during its extratropical transition. At shorter range, forecasts by both ECMWF and Action de Recherche Petite Echelle Grande Echelle (ARPEGE) increasingly improved with decreasing lead times. The depth of the medicane was missed, however, probably because of the too low resolution with respect to the 60 km diameter cyclone. Forecasts at kilometre scale were run using the mesoscale model Meso-NH and verified against in situ and satellite observations. The Meso-NH forecasts were found to be very sensitive to the initial conditions. Reduced static stability at the southern tip of the upper-level trough determined the convective activity around the pre-existing mesocyclone. The medicane was then formed only if enough vertically developed convection was further enhanced by the jet-induced upward forcing. Otherwise, no tropical transition of the mesocyclone was predicted. This study shows the role of an upper-level jet in explosively deepening a mesocyclone into a tropical storm.

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High-Resolution Non-Hydrostatic Simulations of Flash-Flood Episodes with Grid-Nesting and Ice-Phase Parameterization

Cited by 139 publications

References 21 publications

How much can air conditioning increase air temperatures for a city like Paris, France?

How much can air conditioning increase air temperatures for a city like Paris, France?

Origin of the moisture feeding the Heavy Precipitating Systems over Southeastern France

Tropical transition of a Mediterranean storm by jet crossing

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