High resolution NMR imaging in solids

Emid, S.; Creyghton, J. H. N.

doi:10.1016/0378-4363(85)90087-7

Cited by 257 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Single-point imaging (SPI) (56,57), also known as constant-time imaging (CTI), and the more recent single-point imaging with T 1 enhancement (SPRITE) (58) use a similar 3D encoding approach but remove the problems and delays associated with rapid switching of magnetic field gradients. With the SPI sequences the imaging gradients are turned on prior to spin excitation, and a very short rf excitation pulse is used.…”

Section: Spi and Spritementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical ultrashort echo time imaging of bone and other connective tissues

2006

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The background underpinning the clinical use of ultrashort echo time, SPRITE and other pulse sequences for imaging bone and other connective tissues with short T 2 is reviewed. Features of the basic physics relevant to UTE imaging are described, including the consequences when the radiofrequency pulse duration is of the order of T 2 so that rotation of tissue magnetization into the transverse plane is incomplete. Consequences of the broad linewidth of short T 2 components are also discussed, including partial saturation by off-resonance fat suppression pulses as well as those used in multislice and multiecho imaging. The need for rapid data acquisition of the order of T 2 is explained. The basic two-dimensional UTE pulse sequence with its half excitation pulse and radial imaging from the centre of k-space is described, together with options that suppress fat and/or reduce the signal from long T 2 components. The basic features of SPRITE and other sequences with very short TE are described. Image interpretation is discussed. Clinical features of the imaging of cortical bone, tendons, ligaments, menisci, periosteum and the spine are illustrated. The source of the short T 2 signal in these tissues is predominantly collagen and water tightly bound to collagen. Short T 2 components in all of these tissues are detectible and may show high signals. Possible future developments are outlined, as are technical limitations of clinical magnetic resonance systems.

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Section: Spi and Spritementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical ultrashort echo time imaging of bone and other connective tissues

2006

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“…T 2 is a parameter which characterizes the inherent mobility of the molecules, contributing to the NMR-signal. E.g., solid ice has a very short T 2 in the order of microseconds, bulk water a T 2 of about 2 s. Furthermore, the single-point imaging (SPI) method can be applied to obtain adequate images of the proton distribution with submillimeter resolution (Emid and Creyghton, 1985;Gravina and Cory, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging of the siliceous skeleton of the demosponge Lubomirskia baicalensis

Müller

Kaluzhnaya

Беликов

et al. 2006

Journal of Structural Biology

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The skeletal elements (spicules) of the demosponge Lubomirskia baicalensis were analyzed; they are composed of amorphous, noncrystalline silica, and contain in a central axial canal the axial Wlament which consists of the enzyme silicatein. The axial Wlament, that orients the spicule in its longitudinal axis exists also in the center of the spines which decorate the spicule. During growth of the sponge, new serially arranged modules which are formed from longitudinally arranged spicule bundles are added at the tip of the branches. X-ray analysis revealed that these serial modules are separated from each other by septate zones (annuli). We describe that the longitudinal bundles of spicules of a new module originate from the apex of the earlier module from where they protrude. A cross section through the oscular/apical-basal axis shows that the bundle rays are organized in a concentric and radiate pattern. High resolution magnetic resonance microimaging studies showed that the silica spheres of the spicules in the cone region contain high amounts of 'mobile' water. We conclude that the radiate accretive growth pattern of sponges is initiated in the apical region (cones) by newly growing spicules which are characterized by high amounts of 'mobile' water; subsequently spicule bundles are formed laterally around the cones. 

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“…75 This method was later reinvented for in vivo 11 B NMR imaging. 76 This technique, known as single point imaging (SPI) (also referenced as constant time imaging, CTI), has been widely applied, in different modified forms, to solid-state NMR imaging.…”

Section: Single Point Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the principles of SPI are well documented, 75 for the sake of EPR readers a brief outline of the technique is presented in this section. A schematic representation of SPI technique is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Single Point Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radio frequency continuous‐wave and time‐domain EPR imaging and Overhauser‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of small animals: instrumental developments and comparison of relative merits for functional imaging

et al. 2004

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Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging in the continuous wave (CW) and time-domain modes, as well as Overhauser-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in vivo is described. The review is based mainly on the CW and time-domain EPR instrumentation at 300 MHz developed in our laboratory, and the relative merits of these methods for functional in vivo imaging of small animals to assess hypoxia and tissue redox status are described. Overhauser imaging of small animals at magnetic fields in the range 10-15 mT that is being carried out in our laboratory for tumor imaging and the evaluation of tumor hypoxia based on quantitative evaluation of Overhauser enhancement is also described. Alternate approaches to spectral-spatial imaging using the transverse decay constants to infer in situ line widths and hence in vivo pO 2 using CW and time-domain EPR imaging are also discussed. The nature of the spin probes used, the quality of the images obtained in all the three methods, the achievable resolution, limitations and possible future directions in small animal functional imaging with these modalities are summarized.

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High resolution NMR imaging in solids

Cited by 257 publications

References 2 publications

Clinical ultrashort echo time imaging of bone and other connective tissues

Clinical ultrashort echo time imaging of bone and other connective tissues

Magnetic resonance imaging of the siliceous skeleton of the demosponge Lubomirskia baicalensis

Radio frequency continuous‐wave and time‐domain EPR imaging and Overhauser‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of small animals: instrumental developments and comparison of relative merits for functional imaging

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