High resolution monitoring of nutrients in groundwater and surface waters: process understanding, quantification of loads and concentrations and management applications

Geer, F.C. van; Kronvang, Brian; Broers, Hans Peter

doi:10.5194/hess-2016-169

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…There is great concern among hydrologists, watershed managers, and as policy makers about how different rainfall-runoff events influence hydrology as well as the loss of pollutants from tile-drained agricultural land [1,2]. Intensively managed tile-drained landscapes have been found to have a considerable potential for N and P losses, with regard to different soil conditions and cropping systems, especially during periods with elevated flows [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The necessity of the accurate assessment of nutrient loads from tile-drained fields or small catchments is invoked by watershed management and agricultural policy aims oriented towards diminishing nutrient and pesticides losses from drained land [2,36,37]. Therefore, it is crucial to develop an approach to identify the processes responsible for the input of pollutants from land to water via tile drainage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is crucial to develop an approach to identify the processes responsible for the input of pollutants from land to water via tile drainage. To reveal the rapid discharge/concentration changes, describe the related processes, and estimate the true pollutant loads, a proper monitoring programme and appropriate methods for the evaluation of matter fluxes are necessary to support [6,18,38] the design of field to catchment scale mitigation measures for tile drainage or on drained land, as well as when estimating their effects [2,9,22,[38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Incorporating Rainfall-Runoff Events into Nitrate-Nitrogen and Phosphorus Load Assessments for Small Tile-Drained Catchments

Fučík

Zajíček

Kaplická

et al. 2017

Water

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Rainfall-runoff events significantly influence water runoff and the loss of pollutants from tile-drained agricultural land. We monitored ten small (4 to 38 ha) tile-drained catchments in Czechia for three to five years (2012 to 2016). The discharge was measured continuously; a regular 14-day scheme of water quality monitoring was accompanied with event sampling provided by automatic samplers in 20 to 120 min intervals. A new semi-automated algorithm was developed for the identification of runoff events (RE) based on discharge and water temperature changes. We then quantified the share of RE on the total runoff and the N and P losses, and we compared six methods for nutrient load estimation on an annual and monthly basis. The results showed considerable differences among the monitored sites, seasons, and applied methods. The share of RE on N loads was on average 5% to 30% of the total annual load, whereas for P (dissolved and total), the share of RE was on average 10% to 80% on the total annual load. The most precise method for nutrient load estimation included the RE. The methods based on point monitoring of the discharge and water quality underestimated the loads of N by 10% to 20% and of P by 30% to 80%. The acquired findings are crucial for the improvement of nutrient load assessment in tile-drained catchments, as well as for the design of various mitigation measures on tile-drained agricultural land.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Incorporating Rainfall-Runoff Events into Nitrate-Nitrogen and Phosphorus Load Assessments for Small Tile-Drained Catchments

Fučík

Zajíček

Kaplická

et al. 2017

Water

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“…Therefore, to protect surface water quality through dry periods that extend over consecutive years, high priority should be given to groundwater nitrate control and management in the Huaihe River Basin. Furthermore, data collected at high spatial and temporal frequencies using near-continuous monitoring techniques (Blaen et al, 2016;Ockenden et al, 2016;van Geer, Kronvang, & Broers, 2016) should be analyzed to give an improved understanding of the spatial and temporal variations in nitrate loads. -2018 and 2011-2013, and (d) scatter plots of the monthly mean BER versus the monthly mean precipitation for 2007-2018 and 2011-2013.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of nitrate transport in an agricultural watershed through consecutive dry years

chen¹,

Ruan²

2020

Preprint

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Recently, because of regional climate changes and human activities, the risk and intensity of droughts in the upper and middle Huaihe River Basin, China, have increased. These changes in rainfall may have, in turn, had an influence on the pathways of nitrate transport in this predominantly agricultural watershed. In this study, the characteristics of nitrate transport over consecutive dry years in this watershed were examined using records of streamflow and nitrate concentration data that spanned a period of 12 years (2007-2018) that included 3 consecutive dry years (2011)(2012)(2013). The baseflow was separated from the streamflow using a digital filter method and the nitrate loads were estimated using a regression method. The annual discharge and nitrate load in streamflow and baseflow averaged 23.5 billion m 3 and 41.9 kiloton (kt), and 7.4 billion m 3 and 14.7 kt, respectively. Baseflow contributed more to the total discharge and total nitrate load in the consecutive dry years (41.0% of the total discharge and 56.2% of the total nitrate load) than in wet, normal, and single dry years. Averaged over the whole study period, the monthly baseflow nitrate index (BFNI) was higher than 50% in the dry season and lower than 30% in the flood season. Over the study period, the annual baseflow enrichment ratio (BER) ranged from 0.94 to 1.46 and averaged 1.13, and was highest (1.46) in the consecutive dry years. The results suggest that nitrate was mainly transported to surface water via baseflow during dry conditions and that this process was particularly important during the consecutive dry years. Therefore, to protect surface water, measures should be urgently implemented to control nitrate transport in groundwater during consecutive dry years.

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Nonlinear empirical modeling to estimate phosphorus exports using continuous records of turbidity and discharge

Minaudo

Dupas

Gascuel‐Odoux

et al. 2017

Water Resources Research

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We tested an empirical modeling approach using relatively low‐cost continuous records of turbidity and discharge as proxies to estimate phosphorus (P) concentrations at a subhourly time step for estimating loads. The method takes into account nonlinearity and hysteresis effects during storm events, and hydrological conditions variability. High‐frequency records of total P and reactive P originating from four contrasting European agricultural catchments in terms of P loads were used to test the method. The models were calibrated on weekly grab sampling data combined with 10 storms surveyed subhourly per year (weekly+ survey) and then used to reconstruct P concentrations during all storm events for computing annual loads. For total P, results showed that this modeling approach allowed the estimation of annual loads with limited uncertainties (≈ −10% ± 15%), more reliable than estimations based on simple linear regressions using turbidity, based on interpolated weekly+ data without storm event reconstruction, or on discharge weighted calculations from weekly series or monthly series. For reactive P, load uncertainties based on the nonlinear model were similar to uncertainties based on storm event reconstruction using simple linear regression (≈ 20% ± 30%), and remained lower than uncertainties obtained without storm reconstruction on weekly or monthly series, but larger than uncertainties based on interpolated weekly+ data (≈ −15% ± 20%). These empirical models showed we could estimate reliable P exports from noncontinuous P time series when using continuous proxies, and this could potentially be very useful for completing time‐series data sets in high‐frequency surveys, even over extended periods.

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High resolution monitoring of nutrients in groundwater and surface waters: process understanding, quantification of loads and concentrations and management applications

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Incorporating Rainfall-Runoff Events into Nitrate-Nitrogen and Phosphorus Load Assessments for Small Tile-Drained Catchments

Incorporating Rainfall-Runoff Events into Nitrate-Nitrogen and Phosphorus Load Assessments for Small Tile-Drained Catchments

Patterns of nitrate transport in an agricultural watershed through consecutive dry years

Nonlinear empirical modeling to estimate phosphorus exports using continuous records of turbidity and discharge

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