In this study, we have systematically
investigated the formation
of molecular phospholipid films on a variety of solid substrates fabricated
from typical surface engineering materials and the fluidic properties
of the lipid membranes formed on these substrates. The surface materials
comprise of borosilicate glass, mica, SiO2, Al (native
oxide), Al2O3, TiO2, ITO, SiC, Au,
Teflon AF, SU-8, and graphene. We deposited the lipid films from small
unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) by means of an open-space microfluidic
device, observed the formation and development of the films by laser
scanning confocal microscopy, and evaluated the mode and degree of
coverage, fluidity, and integrity. In addition to previously established
mechanisms of lipid membrane–surface interaction upon bulk
addition of SUVs on solid supports, we observed nontrivial lipid adhesion
phenomena, including reverse rolling of spreading bilayers, spontaneous
nucleation and growth of multilamellar vesicles, and the formation
of intact circular patches of double lipid bilayer membranes. Our
findings allow for accurate prediction of membrane–surface
interactions in microfabricated devices and experimental environments
where model membranes are used as functional biomimetic coatings.