High resolution micro-CT imaging in mice stroke models: from 3D detailed infarct characterization to automatic area segmentation

Abstract

Characterization of brain infarct lesion in rodent models of stroke is crucial to assess the outcome of stroke therapies and to study the disease pathophysiology. However, so far it has been mostly performed by: 1) histological methods, a time-consuming process that lead to significant flaws; or 2) via MRI imaging, which is faster, yielding 3D information but at high costs. High-resolution micro-CT imaging became, in the last decade, a simple, fast, and cheaper solution, allowing 3D sample analysis. Here, we describe that high-resolution micro-CT, either using iodine/OsO4 as contrast agents, can be successfully applied for fine quantification and localization of lesion size and edema volume in preclinical stroke models. We successfully correlated this new approach with the standard histological method TTC. In transient MCAO mouse stroke model, we were able to identify/quantify large lesioned areas (segmented in core/penumbra), up to degenerated finer striatal myelinated fibers in a transient-ischemic-attack (TIA) mouse model, at different timepoints post-ischemia, through manual/automatic segmentation approaches (deep learning). Furthermore, whole brain 3D reconstructions allow brain atlas co-registration with specific affected brain areas. Hence, the presented methodology, through iodine/OsO4 micro-CT imaging, constitutes a valuable advance for precise and detailed assessment of stroke outcomes in preclinical animal studies.