High‐resolution mapping of the nud locus controlling the naked caryopsis in barley

Abstract

The hulled or naked caryopsis character of barley is an important agronomic trait because of the direct link to its use. A single recessive gene, nud, located on the long arm of chromosome 7H, controls the naked caryopsis character. Previously, linked amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) bands from bulked segregant analysis were screened, and the nud gene was mapped in a population of 151 F 2 plants. In the present study, the aim was to construct a high-resolution map of the nud gene towards its positional cloning. Two AFLP bands were converted into sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers (sKT5 and sKT9), and a previously reported SCAR marker sKT3 was improved for more reliable detection of polymorphism. A total of 2380 segregants derived from five cross-combinations were analysed, and the nud gene was flanked by sKT3 and sKT9, at the 0.6-cM proximal and the 0.06-cM distal side, respectively. The SCAR markers developed in this study should be useful for marker-assisted selection in naked barley breeding employing crosses between naked and hulled accessions.

Barley grain with adhering hulls is controlled by an ERF family transcription factor gene regulating a lipid biosynthesis pathway

“…We screened 2,828 progeny segregating for the trait from two cross combinations, using flanking markers developed in ref. 17, and nud was delimited to a 0.64 cM interval between markers sKT3 and sKT9 ( Fig. 2A).…”

“…Its thickness increases during grain development, but its chemical composition remains unknown (1). We have been attempting map-based isolation of the Nud/nud gene (16,17). The present study reports molecular cloning of the Nud/nud gene.…”

Genetic evidence for a second domestication of barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) east of the Fertile Crescent

“…Distinct genetic loci governing the same domestication-related trait but found in different portions of the geographic range of a crop constitute strong evidence for multiple independent domestications (13). The genetic determination of three of the primary domesticationrelated traits in barley has been analyzed: (i) nonbrittle ears (22); (ii) ''kernel row type,'' which controls whether two or six rows of grains are produced (23)(24)(25)(26); and (iii) the presence or absence of hulls around the grain (27,28). Although the two genetic loci for nonbrittle ears are very closely linked (22,29), haplotype data from a flanking marker is consistent with the earlier finding of Takahashi (6,10) that different loci predominant in eastern and western cultivars (26,30).…”

Molecular mapping of the short awn 2 (lks2) and dense spike 1 (dsp1) genes on barley chromosome 7H

“…A total of 15 molecular markers were used for initial mapping. Those included three sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers derived from amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) (Kikuchi et al 2003, Taketa et al 2006, eight simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers (Li et al 2003, Ramsay et al 2000, a sequence-tagged site (STS) marker MWG511 (Künzel et al 2000), and three expressed sequence tag (EST)-based markers (Sato et al 2009). For MWG511, we originally selected a polymorphic enzyme HhaI; for ESTbased marker k04151, we designed a new primer set (Table 1) and selected a polymorphic restriction enzyme (BsiEI).…”

“…Subsequently, PCR was performed with the following cycling parameters: 9 min at 95°C; 30 cycles of 1 min at 95°C, 1 min at annealing temperature of respective primers, 2 min at 72°C; 5 min at 72°C; with a final hold at 15°C. Restriction enzyme treatment of PCR products and electrophoresis were done according to the procedure described by Taketa et al (2004Taketa et al ( , 2006. Recombination values were calculated using software (Mapmaker Macintosh Version 2.0; Lander et al 1987); a genetic linkage map was constructed based on LOD scores greater than 3.0.…”