High-resolution mapping of rachis nodes per rachis, a critical determinant of grain yield components in wheat

Voss-Fels, Kai P.; Keeble‐Gagnère, Gabriel; Hickey, Lee T.; Tibbits, Josquin; Nagornyy, Sergej; Hayden, Matthew; Pasam, Raj K.; Kant, Surya; Friedt, Wolfgang; Snowdon, Rod J.; Appels, R.; Wittkop, Benjamin

doi:10.1007/s00122-019-03383-4

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, we have found that modern bread wheat cultivars carrying putatively beneficial WAPO1/GNI1 haplotype combinations do not automatically show the expected positive effect on grain yield, suggesting either a negative pleiotropic interaction or a source limitation that negates any potential epistatic benefit of this combination and renders it neutral in terms of yield selection. Indeed, we found that WAPO1 variants with more numerous rachis nodes do not impact the number of grains per spike, nor the grain yield (Voss-Fels et al 2019a ). This suggests that fertility repression by GNI1 may actively prevent excessive grain production.…”

Section: Source–sink Trade-offs Counter the Improvement Of Single Yield Componentsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Yield potential is ultimately determined by the pleiotropic, frequently antagonistic relationships among numerous source–sink characters, which together interact with environmental factors and management practices to balance resource expenditure with crop productivity (Lichthardt et al 2020 ; Wu et al 2019 ). For example, the gene WHEAT ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION 1 ( WAPO1 ) has a major effect on quantitative inheritance of row number per rachis (Kuzay et al 2019 ; Voss-Fels et al 2019a ), while GRAIN NUMBER INCREASE 1 ( GNI1 ) can increase spikelet fertility (Sakuma et al 2019 ). In combination, these two variants might be expected to collectively impart an overall increase in sink capacity, leading to increased grain yield.…”

Section: Source–sink Trade-offs Counter the Improvement Of Single Yield Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crop adaptation to climate change as a consequence of long-term breeding

et al. 2020

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Major global crops in high-yielding, temperate cropping regions are facing increasing threats from the impact of climate change, particularly from drought and heat at critical developmental timepoints during the crop lifecycle. Research to address this concern is frequently focused on attempts to identify exotic genetic diversity showing pronounced stress tolerance or avoidance, to elucidate and introgress the responsible genetic factors or to discover underlying genes as a basis for targeted genetic modification. Although such approaches are occasionally successful in imparting a positive effect on performance in specific stress environments, for example through modulation of root depth, major-gene modifications of plant architecture or function tend to be highly context-dependent. In contrast, long-term genetic gain through conventional breeding has incrementally increased yields of modern crops through accumulation of beneficial, small-effect variants which also confer yield stability via stress adaptation. Here we reflect on retrospective breeding progress in major crops and the impact of long-term, conventional breeding on climate adaptation and yield stability under abiotic stress constraints. Looking forward, we outline how new approaches might complement conventional breeding to maintain and accelerate breeding progress, despite the challenges of climate change, as a prerequisite to sustainable future crop productivity.

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Section: Source–sink Trade-offs Counter the Improvement Of Single Yield Componentsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Source–sink Trade-offs Counter the Improvement Of Single Yield Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop adaptation to climate change as a consequence of long-term breeding

et al. 2020

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“…The region on chromosome 1B co-located on the Ref Seq v1.0 [20] with a previously identified QTL for anther extrusion in wheat [45]. The segregation region on chromosome 7A co-located with QTL identified for thousand kernel weight and spikelet number per spike [46][47][48]. One of our differentially expressed genes (TraesC-S7A02G479800, Table 1), encoding a putative Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B, was located within the exact same region on the Ref Seq v1.0 as the previously identified QTL and was upregulated in NILs carrying the exotic allele in all treatments and timepoints.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Transcripts of wheat at a target locus on chromosome 6B associated with increased yield, leaf mass and chlorophyll index under combined drought and heat stress

et al. 2020

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Drought and heat stress constrain wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields globally. To identify putative mechanisms and candidate genes associated with combined drought and heat stress tolerance, we developed bread wheat near-isogenic lines (NILs) targeting a quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 6B which was previously associated with combined drought and heat stress tolerance in a diverse panel of wheats. Genotyping-by-sequencing was used to identify additional regions that segregated in allelic pairs between the recurrent and the introduced exotic parent, genome-wide. NILs were phenotyped in a gravimetric platform with precision irrigation and exposed to either drought or to combined drought and heat stress from three days after anthesis. An increase in grain weight in NILs carrying the exotic allele at 6B locus was associated with thicker, greener leaves, higher photosynthetic capacity and increased water use index after re-watering. RNA sequencing of developing grains at early and later stages of treatment revealed 75 genes that were differentially expressed between NILs across both treatments and timepoints. Differentially expressed genes coincided with the targeted QTL on chromosome 6B and regions of genetic segregation on chromosomes 1B and 7A. Pathway enrichment analysis showed the involvement of these genes in cell and gene regulation, metabolism of amino acids and transport of carbohydrates. The majority of these genes have not been characterized previously under drought or heat stress and they might serve as candidate genes for improved abiotic stress tolerance.

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“…In genetic approaches, TSN appears usually as a quantitative trait and several quantitative trait loci (QTL) were described [7][8][9] . A few genes influencing TSN are known; among them are (1) the Q gene involved in wheat domestication 10,11 , (2) a putative ortholog to rice MOC1 12 , and (3) a wheat ortholog (TaAPO-A1 or WAPO-A1) to rice ABERRANT PANICLE ORGANIZATION (APO1) [13][14][15] .Besides the modulation of spikelet meristem identity genes, the genetic regulation of spikelet initiation through timing and florigenic signals plays a major role in the determination of TSN. Homologs of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) [16][17][18] , such as HEADING DATE 3a (Hd3a) and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1) in rice promote transition to flowering and tillering [19][20][21] .…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Linkage mapping identifies a non-synonymous mutation in FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT-B1) increasing spikelet number per spike

Brassac

Muqaddasi

Plieske³

et al. 2021

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Total spikelet number per spike (TSN) is a major component of spike architecture in wheat (Triticumaestivum L.). A major and consistent quantitative trait locus (QTL) was discovered for TSN in a doubled haploid spring wheat population grown in the field over 4 years. The QTL on chromosome 7B explained up to 20.5% of phenotypic variance. In its physical interval (7B: 6.37–21.67 Mb), the gene FLOWERINGLOCUST (FT-B1) emerged as candidate for the observed effect. In one of the parental lines, FT-B1 carried a non-synonymous substitution on position 19 of the coding sequence. This mutation modifying an aspartic acid (D) into a histidine (H) occurred in a highly conserved position. The mutation was observed with a frequency of ca. 68% in a set of 135 hexaploid wheat varieties and landraces, while it was not found in other plant species. FT-B1 only showed a minor effect on heading and flowering time (FT) which were dominated by a major QTL on chromosome 5A caused by segregation of the vernalization gene VRN-A1. Individuals carrying the FT-B1 allele with amino acid histidine had, on average, a higher number of spikelets (15.1) than individuals with the aspartic acid allele (14.3) independent of their VRN-A1 allele. We show that the effect of TSN is not mainly related to flowering time; however, the duration of pre-anthesis phases may play a major role.

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High-resolution mapping of rachis nodes per rachis, a critical determinant of grain yield components in wheat

Cited by 49 publications

References 35 publications

Crop adaptation to climate change as a consequence of long-term breeding

Crop adaptation to climate change as a consequence of long-term breeding

Transcripts of wheat at a target locus on chromosome 6B associated with increased yield, leaf mass and chlorophyll index under combined drought and heat stress

Linkage mapping identifies a non-synonymous mutation in FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT-B1) increasing spikelet number per spike

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