High-resolution laser spectroscopy of a Bose–Einstein condensate using the ultranarrow magnetic quadrupole transition

Yamaguchi, Atsushi; Uetake, Satoshi; Kato, S.; Ito, Hiroyuki; Takahashi, Yoshiro

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/12/10/103001

Cited by 38 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In our experiment, η is 10 for the ground-state atoms. The trap depth for each m J component in the 3 P 2 state strongly depends on the direction of the external magnetic field and the polarization of the FORT laser [32,33]. To determine η of the states are calculated to be 7.2 to 11.7.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the work reported in this paper is done at 480 nK, just above T c , since we get enough high-atom-number stability for our measurement at this temperature. Our spin-selective excitation employs the very narrow linewidth 1 S 0 -3 P 2 transition at 507 nm [31,32]. This transition is a magnetic quadrupole transition and its selection rules are …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spin-dependent collision of ultracold metastable atoms

et al. 2012

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Spin-polarized metastable atoms of ultracold ytterbium are trapped at high density and their inelastic collisional properties are measured. We reveal that in collisions of Yb( 3 P 2 ) with Yb( 1 S 0 ) there is relatively weak inelastic loss, but with a significant spin dependence consistent with Zeeman sublevel changes as being the dominant decay process. This is in strong contrast to our observations of Yb( 3 P 2 )-Yb( 3 P 2 ) collisional losses, which are, at low field, much more rapid and have essentially no spin dependence. Our results give a guideline to using the 3 P 2 states in many possible applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin-dependent collision of ultracold metastable atoms

et al. 2012

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“…While the ac polarizability in the |g state is independent of the polarization of the far off-resonant laser light, the light shift of the |e state depends on the angle θ between the polarization and the quantization axis [2,3]. For linearly polarized laser light, the ac polarizability of a magnetic sublevel m F in a hyperfine manifold F is given in terms of a scalar and a tensor polarizabilities as …”

Section: Light Shift Of Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ultra-narrow photoassociation will be a basis for practical implementation of optical Feshbach resonances. [2][3][4], the initial step to form an ultracold, ro-vibronic ground state of (polar) molecules [5,6], correlation measurements for ultracold atoms in an optical lattice [7][8][9], and so on. Photoassociation (PA) is another standard method to generate ultracold molecules which can create various molecules in electronic excited states with a simple optical excitation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Feshbach-Resonance-Enhanced Coherent Atom-Molecule Conversion with Ultranarrow Photoassociation Resonance

et al. 2016

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We reveal the existence of high-density Feshbach resonances in the collision between the ground and metastable states of 171 Yb and coherently produce the associated Feshbach molecules by photoassociation. The extremely small transition rate is overcome by the enhanced Franck-Condon factor of the weakly bound Feshbach molecule, allowing us to observe Rabi oscillations with long decay time between an atom pair and a molecule in an optical lattice. We also perform the precision measurement of the binding energies, which characterizes the observed resonances. The ultra-narrow photoassociation will be a basis for practical implementation of optical Feshbach resonances. [2][3][4], the initial step to form an ultracold, ro-vibronic ground state of (polar) molecules [5,6], correlation measurements for ultracold atoms in an optical lattice [7][8][9], and so on. Photoassociation (PA) is another standard method to generate ultracold molecules which can create various molecules in electronic excited states with a simple optical excitation. [10]. However, the transition probability is never large enough even for a strong electric-dipole allowed (E1) transition due to small overlap between the wave functions of free atoms and molecular bound states, resulting in small FranckCondon factors. In addition, the radiative lifetime of the created molecular states is usually quite short for an E1 transition. As a consequence, coherent production of molecules by one-color PA has been impossible until recent demonstration with a BEC of 88 Sr [11], where the narrow 1 S 0 ↔ 3 P 1 transition was exploited.In this Letter, we report on photoassociative creation of ultracold molecules associated with the ground 1 S 0 and long-lived metastable 3 P 2 states of 171 Yb with a radiative lifetime of longer than one second. Importantly, the otherwise quite small strength of the PA resonance is significantly enhanced by working around FRs for the closed channel. This enables us to demonstrate Rabi oscillations in the PA transition with a lifetime reaching hundreds of microseconds. Moreover, by using this narrow-line PA, observed FRs are characterized by precise measurement of the binding energies of near-threshold Fesbach molecules. Our observation of the strong PA line with a long expected radiative lifetime opens up the possibility to suppress atom loss in optical Feshbach resonances [11][12][13].First, we describe our observation of FRs in collisions between 1 S 0 and 3 P 2 states of 171 Yb, which is an important basis in this work. Most of the currently studied FRs are for alkali atoms, which originate from their hyperfine structures with isotropic van der Waals interactions. On the other hand, the emergence of FRs associated with the existence of anisotropic interactions was recently predicted [14] and observed in collisions of Er [15] and Dy [16]. For these atoms, anisotropy in an electrostatic van der Waals potentials with non-zero electronic orbital angular momenta as well as dipole-dipole interactions induces couplings between an open cha...

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“…We use * Current address: FARO Scanner Production GmbH, Lingwiesenstrasse 11/2, D-70825 Korntal-Münchingen here bosonic 174 Yb and demonstrate how spectroscopic features of the 1 S 0 → 3 P 0 transition, observed with subkHz resolution, can yield informations about the velocity distribution. Previously, spectroscopy of trapped Yb condensates on another ultranarrow J = 0 → J = 2 transition has been demonstrated [19][20][21]. This transition is sensitive to magnetic fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Doppler spectroscopy of an ytterbium Bose-Einstein condensate on the clock transition

et al. 2015

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We describe Doppler spectroscopy of Bose-Einstein condensates of ytterbium atoms using a narrow optical transition. We address the optical clock transition around 578 nm between the 1 S0 and 3 P0 states with a laser system locked on a high-finesse cavity. We show how the absolute frequency of the cavity modes can be determined within a few tens of kHz using high-resolution spectroscopy on molecular iodine. We show that optical spectra reflect the velocity distribution of expanding condensates in free fall or after releasing them inside an optical waveguide. We demonstrate subkHz spectral linewidths, with long-term drifts of the resonance frequency well below 1 kHz/hour. These results open the way to high-resolution spectroscopy of many-body systems.

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High-resolution laser spectroscopy of a Bose–Einstein condensate using the ultranarrow magnetic quadrupole transition

Cited by 38 publications

References 35 publications

Spin-dependent collision of ultracold metastable atoms

Spin-dependent collision of ultracold metastable atoms

Feshbach-Resonance-Enhanced Coherent Atom-Molecule Conversion with Ultranarrow Photoassociation Resonance

Doppler spectroscopy of an ytterbium Bose-Einstein condensate on the clock transition

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