High-resolution hydrodynamics of coral reefs and tracing of pollutants from hotel areas along the west coast of Unguja Island, Zanzibar

Larsen, Janus; Maar, Marie; Rasmussen, Mikkel Lydholm; Hansen, L.; Hamad, Idrissa Yussuf; Stæhr, Peter A.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114968

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…2-3) (Bravo et al, 2021;Larsen et al, 2023). Consistently, foraminifera and coral surveys indicated early stages of reef degradation there (Narayan et al, 2022;Bravo et al, 2021;Thissen and Langer, 2017) It is possible that ongoing anthropogenic disturbances near the Stone Town will eventually exceed the critical threshold levels to cause more pronounced changes in ostracod faunal structures in terms of dominant species through a shift in benthic habitat (Narayan et al, 2022;Hong et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Noticeably, the major islands are subject to very different degrees of human exploration, as Zanzibar is densely populated and highly urbanized while Mafia and Pemba are largely uninhabited (Narayan et al, 2022). Stone Town and Bawe, in particular, are faced with a direct discharge of untreated domestic sewage along the western coast of Zanzibar Island, where moderate levels of reef deterioration have been found with diversity decrease and coral cover loss (Bravo et al, 2021;Larsen et al, 2023).…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although extensive long-term monitoring is still lacking, previous studies indicate that Pemba reefs are likely in pristine conditions with the highest coverage of live hard corals, while Zanzibar reefs are often dominated by dead corals intermingled with algae and seagrass habitats (Ussi et al, 2019;Larsen et al, 2023;Grimsditch et al, 2009).…”

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reefal ostracod assemblages from the Zanzibar Archipelago (Tanzania)

Tian,

Langer,

Yasuhara

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. Tropical reefs encompass tremendous biodiversity yet are imperiled by increasing natural and anthropogenic disturbances worldwide. Meiobenthic biotas on coral reefs, for example, ostracods, may experience substantial diversity loss and compositional changes even before being examined. In this study, we investigated the reefal ostracod assemblages from the highly diverse and productive ecosystem in Zanzibar Archipelago (Pemba, Zanzibar, and Mafia islands), Tanzania, to understand how their diversity and faunal structure vary in response to water depth, benthic community type, and human impacts. We characterized four distinct ostracod faunas associated with different benthic habitats, which were deep fore reefs, shallow fringing reefs, degraded fringing reefs, and algal covered intertidal flats. We identified typical ostracod associations, i.e., Bairdiidae versus Loxoconchidae-Xestoleberididae, that showed affinities to hard corals or algae on the reef platforms, respectively. Highest diversity was found on shallow fringing reefs where reefal and algal taxa exhibited maximum overlap of their distributional ranges, while the sand flats, mangrove, and marginal reefs within the intertidal zone had much lower diversity with high dominance of euryhaline taxa. Along the western coast of Zanzibar, coastal development likely resulted in a unique faunal composition and comparatively low diversity of ostracod assemblages among those in reefal habitats, in conjunction with overall reef ecosystem degradation. This study represents the first large-scale assessment of shallow-marine ostracods in the Zanzibar Archipelago. It lays a solid foundation for future research into the ecological significance of ostracods on coral reefs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reefal ostracod assemblages from the Zanzibar Archipelago (Tanzania)

Tian,

Langer,

Yasuhara

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Anthropogenic activities have significantly impacted ecosystems in recent times, notably in aquatic environments (Fayanto et al, 2019 ). The rapid expansion of economic development and population growth has led to substantial pollutant release into marine ecosystems (Larsen et al, 2023 ). Ship traffic, mining, oil extraction, sewage discharge, ship repair, and ship repainting are the main human threats to marine ecosystems (Alharbi et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological risk assessment of metal pollution in the surface sediments of delta region, Egypt

Thabet,

Moneer,

Abdelwahab

et al. 2024

Environ Monit Assess

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The surface sediments from eleven sectors perpendicular to the Egyptian Mediterranean Sea coast, along the delta region, have been assessed. These sectors cover areas of Eastern Harbour, Abu Qir Bay, Rosetta, Abo Khashaba, Burullus, Baltim, Damietta, and Manzala. The assessment process is based on determining the eight metals’ (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Co, Pb, and Cd) content, followed by applying different pollution and ecological risk indices such as enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation factor (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), degree of contamination (Cdeg.), Nemerow Integrated Pollution Index (NIPI), and Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI). The results indicate the average concentrations of metals (μg/g) were Fe (18,000), Mn (213), Zn (120), Ni (26), Co (13), Cu (12), Pb (10), and Cd (2). The single-pollution indices reveal that most metals were depleted to metal levels, the sediments were moderately polluted with Cd and unpolluted with other metals, and the CF values confirmed that the sediments were highly polluted with Cd and low contaminated with the rest of the metals. According to the integrated pollution indices, the Eastern Harbour, Damietta, Manzalah, and Bardawil (eastern Inlet) are the most polluted sectors relative to the rest, subjected to various point sources of pollution. Drainage management system is recommended to enhance water conservation and improve fish stocks.

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“…These research achievements are mainly carried out from the two aspects of technology and management. Some scholars have studied the use of advanced technology to protect coral reefs, for example, Larsen et al (2023) studied the use of high-resolution fluid dynamics to track pollutants near coral reefs; Selmoni et al (2020) analyzed the use of marine genomics to enhance the protection strategy of coral reefs; Kleypas et al (2021) designed a blueprint for the survival of coral reefs; Paulino et al (2020) used molecular technology to protect coral reefs. These technologies involve theories and methods related to physics, biology, geography, etc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduce pollution, establish protected areas, manage fisheries properly? How to protect coral reefs based on carbon trading

Bai,

Hu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Mar. Sci.

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As coral reefs around the world have suffered serious damage, it is necessary to protect them. Common modes of coral reef protection include reducing pollution, setting up reserves and managing fisheries rationally. In order to derive the applicable scope of various protection modes for coral reefs, this article constructs three differential game models and compares and analyzes the equilibrium results obtained by the models. Finally, the study shows that whether for developed or developing countries, when the benefits of coral reef treatment are small, the mode of reducing pollution can achieve the maximum benefit. As the benefits of coral reef treatment gradually increase, the mode of setting up nature reserves can achieve the maximum benefit. It is worth noting that the greater the carbon emission rights obtained by the number of coral reefs, the greater the benefits of coral reef treatment, the more likely developed countries will adopt the mode of setting up reserves.

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High-resolution hydrodynamics of coral reefs and tracing of pollutants from hotel areas along the west coast of Unguja Island, Zanzibar

Cited by 7 publications

References 48 publications

Reefal ostracod assemblages from the Zanzibar Archipelago (Tanzania)

Reefal ostracod assemblages from the Zanzibar Archipelago (Tanzania)

Ecological risk assessment of metal pollution in the surface sediments of delta region, Egypt

Reduce pollution, establish protected areas, manage fisheries properly? How to protect coral reefs based on carbon trading

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