It is shown that the Rayleigh scattering signal excited in liquid during four-wave mixing of radiation of diode laser whose frequency difference is tuned in the vicinity of small detunings is amplified in the active element of the probe laser.Keywords: four-photon scattering, wave matching, Rayleigh line.Previously, we reported the observation of a four-photon signal of Rayleigh scattering of diode laser radiation in a number of materials [1][2][3]. In this case, the scattering signal results from the interaction of radiation of a probe laser with a three-dimensional diffraction grating induced in a medium under interference of probe laser and pump radiations. Probe radiation scattering on the refractive index grating forms the signal carrying information about components of the nonlinear susceptibility tensor of a medium χ 3 (see, e.g., [4] and references therein). A change in the frequency difference of the probe and pump lasers causes a change in the four-wave mixing signal intensity. In the general case, there is the Rayleigh line in the region of small frequency detunings (see e.g., [5]). Its width in a singlecomponent medium is inversely proportional to the anisotropy relaxation time. However, the formation of the observed scattering signal in the nonlinear interaction of low-power laser radiation on cubic nonlinearity was not completely understood. The objective of this research is to determine the role of regenerative amplification of the scattering signal in one of the lasers in the geometry of the interaction of opposite light beams [1][2][3].The schematic of the experimental setup is shown in Fig. 1. Radiation of two ILVR-1 semiconductor lasers (the emission linewidth is ∼1 MHz, the frequency tuning range is ∼30 GHz, the power is P ∼50 mW, polarization is linear, about 99%) was directed towards each other and converged by an additional diaphragm ∼50 μm in diameter at an angle of ∼179.2 − 179.3 • in a cell with a material under study (chemically pure ethanol or acetone in the case at hand). For the purpose of spatial filtering of laser radiation using plane mirrors, the optical path (the distance from lasers to cell) was increased to ∼7-8 m.In the beam of pump laser L1, Faraday isolator (FI) for decoupling the laser and scattering volume K, and quarter-wave plate P for converting linear polarization of pump radiation into circular polarization were installed. The pump beam is focused into cell K by spherical mirror M1 (of radius R = 1000 mm, the reflectance is r = 99.6%). Pump radiation passed through the cell is blocked by darkened metal screen S. Probe laser L2 radiation was focused into cell K by mirror M2 (of radius R = 1000 mm, the reflectance is r = 90%) toward the beam of pump laser L1. Probe laser radiation passed through diaphragm D1, polarization analyzer A1 (Glan prism) crossed with the polarization direction of the probe laser beam and arrived at photodetector Ph1 (FEU-79 photomultiplier). Thus, the signal detected by Ph1 represented a depolarized fraction of probe laser radiation (which is ...