High-resolution electron microscopy studies of the structure of Cu precipitates in α-Fe

Othen, P. J.; Jenkins, M. L.; Smith, G.D.W.

doi:10.1080/01418619408242533

Cited by 394 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For example, in dilute Cu-Be alloy, a complex sequence of metastable phases starting from GP zones has been reported before the formation of the stable B2 phase [24]. In the Cu-Fe system, the coherent metastable fcc -Fe particles that nucleate first can be stable up to 50 nm in size [25,26], while in the symmetric system (dilutes Fe-Cu alloys) copper particles nucleate as bcc but start to progressively transform into the stable fcc structure when they are only few nanometer in size [27]. For this later system, it is also interesting to note that in the early stage, precipitates contain a significant amount of Fe, much higher than the solubility limit given by the phase diagram [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic scale investigation of Cr precipitation in copper

2012

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The early stage of the chromium precipitation in copper was analyzed at the atomic scale by Atom Probe Tomography (APT). Quantitative data about the precipitate size, 3D shape, density, composition and volume fraction were obtained in a Cu-1Cr-0.1Zr (wt.%) commercial alloy aged at 713K. Surprisingly, nanoscaled precipitates exhibit various shapes (spherical, plates and ellipsoid) and contain a large amount of Cu (up to 50%), in contradiction with the equilibrium Cu-Cr phase diagram. APT data also show that some impurities (Fe) may segregate along Cu/Cr interfaces. The concomitant evolution of the precipitate shape and composition as a function of the aging time is discussed. A special emphasis is given on the competition between interfacial and elastic energy and on the role of Fe segregation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic scale investigation of Cr precipitation in copper

2012

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“…in situ transformation of the metastable phase into the stable phase (e.g. the Fe Á/Cu system) [14]; 2. heterogeneous nucleation of the stable phase on the metastable precipitates (e.g. the Al Á/Zn Á/Mg system) [15]; 3. independent nucleation of both phases in the matrix (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic modelling of simultaneous two-phase precipitation: application to carbide precipitation in low-carbon steels

Perez

Deschamps

2003

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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A thermodynamically-based precipitation model, employing the classical nucleation and growth theories, has been adapted to deal with simultaneous precipitation of metastable and stable phases. This model gives an estimation of the precipitation kinetics (time evolution of radius and density of precipitates for both phases, as well as the evolution of solute fraction) in a wide range of temperature. Results were successfully compared with an experimental isothermal precipitation diagram (Time Á/TemperatureTransformation, TTT) from the literature for the precipitation of e carbide and Fe 3 C in low-carbon steels. #

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“…structure, which then transforms martensitically to the 9R structure, as in Fe-Cu alloys [16]. The lattice spacing of the close packed (009) planes of the 9R structure of Cu is approximately 0.204 nm, which is intermediate between the spacings of the Fe (01 1) plane (0.202 nm) and that of the y' (1 11) plane (0.209 nm).…”

Section: Stainless Maraging Steel Sandvik Irk91mentioning

confidence: 96%

Materials Applications of an Advanced 3-Dimensional Atom Probe

et al. 1996

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An advanced 3-dimensional atom probe system has been constructed, based on an optical position-sensitive atom probe (OPoSAP) detector with energy compensation using a reflectron lens. The multi-hit detection capability of the OPoSAP leads to significant improvements in the efficiency of the instrument over the earlier serial position-sensing system. Further gains in efficiency are obtained by using a biassed grid in front of the detector to collect secondary electrons generated when ions strike the interchannel area. The improvement in detection efficiency gives enhanced performance in the studies of ordered materials and the determination of site occupation. Energy compensation leads to a much improved mass resolution (m/Δm full width at half maximum) making it possible to map out the 3-dimensional spatial distributions of all the elements in complex engineering alloys, even when elements lie close together in the mass spectrum. For example, in the analysis of a maraging steel, this allows separation between the 61Ni2+ and 92Mo3+ peaks, which are only 1/6 of a mass unit apart

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High-resolution electron microscopy studies of the structure of Cu precipitates in α-Fe

Cited by 394 publications

References 27 publications

Atomic scale investigation of Cr precipitation in copper

Atomic scale investigation of Cr precipitation in copper

Microscopic modelling of simultaneous two-phase precipitation: application to carbide precipitation in low-carbon steels

Materials Applications of an Advanced 3-Dimensional Atom Probe

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