2012
DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3287
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High-Resolution 3T MR Neurography of the Brachial Plexus and Its Branches, with Emphasis on 3D Imaging

Abstract: SUMMARY:With advancement in 3D imaging, better fat-suppression techniques, and superior coil designs for MR imaging and the increasing availability and use of 3T magnets, the visualization of the complexity of the brachial plexus has become facile. The relevant imaging findings are described for normal and pathologic conditions of the brachial plexus. These radiologic findings are supported by clinical and/or EMG/surgical data, and corresponding high-resolution MR neurography images are illustrated. Because th… Show more

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Cited by 127 publications
(90 citation statements)
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References 32 publications
(34 reference statements)
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“…It has been demonstrated recently that 3D TSE or 3D FSE combined with iMSDE preparation can achieve this high isotropic resolution and even resolve small nerve branches [2][3][4][5][6]; however, high-resolution 3D MRN of the LSP area can be significantly affected by B0 and B1 inhomogeneities that frequently occur in this region. The sequence used for T2 mapping of LSP nerves in this study is similar to a recently developed sequence that was successfully applied to T2 mapping of thigh muscles in healthy subjects [8].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…It has been demonstrated recently that 3D TSE or 3D FSE combined with iMSDE preparation can achieve this high isotropic resolution and even resolve small nerve branches [2][3][4][5][6]; however, high-resolution 3D MRN of the LSP area can be significantly affected by B0 and B1 inhomogeneities that frequently occur in this region. The sequence used for T2 mapping of LSP nerves in this study is similar to a recently developed sequence that was successfully applied to T2 mapping of thigh muscles in healthy subjects [8].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A modified B1-insensitive rotation (BIR-4) pulse was used for the T2 preparation to minimize the sensitivity to B0 and B1 inhomogeneities (supplementary material) [8]. The parameters for the T2 mapping sequence were as follows: field of view (FOV) 38 × 38 × 8 cm 3 , acquisition voxel 2 × 2 × 2 mm 3 , echo train length 80, T2 preparation durations of 20/40/60/80 ms, fat suppression spectral attenuated inversion recovery (SPAIR) and a scan duration of 6:48 min with a repetition time (TR) of 1.6 s and an effective echo time (TE) of the TSE shot of 15 ms. The flip angle train of the TSE readout was designed in order to achieve a constant signal plateau throughout 80% of the TSE shot duration for white matter [9].…”
Section: Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…MRI is the modality of choice for depicting plexus injuries and nerve root avulsions which can be associated with dural laceration [30,31]. For this purpose MR neurography shows first promising results [32,33]. Using CT or MR myelography with adjunction of intrathecal contrast medium loss of CSF can directly be detected [7,34,35].…”
Section: Spinal Imagingmentioning
confidence: 99%