High rates of microbial carbon turnover in sediments in the deepest oceanic trench on Earth

Glud, Ronnie N.; Wenzhöfer, Frank; Middelboe, Mathias; Oguri, Kazuta; Turnewitsch, Robert; Canfield, Donald E.; Kitazato, Hiroshi

doi:10.1038/ngeo1773

Cited by 253 publications

(321 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

283

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Because suspended particulate matters are transported vertically as well as horizontally (42,43), the suspended organic matter from slopes likely influences the geochemical cycle in the entire trench waters. The higher sediment deposition rate in the trench bottom compared with the adjacent abyssal plain (13), as well as the clear stratification of trench bottom sediment under the sampling site (Fig. S6), also suggest the occasional input of sediment supply from the trench slope.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Water samples were taken in a total of three dives of the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) ABISMO at the same station (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22).25′N, 142-42.75′E) on the Challenger Deep. The temperature and salinity profiles were Significance Although many microbial explorations for hadal sediments began in the 1950s, the hadal water is the least-explored microbial biosphere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, many piezophiles and piezotolerant bacteria have been isolated from hadal benthic habitats, and their phenotypical and genomic features have been characterized to be distinct from those of the close relatives obtained from shallow marine environments (12). As one of the major biogeochemical traits, a significantly higher microbial carbon turnover rate has been identified in hadal sediments than that in adjacent abyssal plain sediments (13). Furthermore, Jamieson et al indicated that the potential trench-specific distribution of eukaryotes is likely a result of the hydrostatic pressure and hydrotopographical isolation (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench is the deepest ocean on Earth, and its geology, current patterns, water chemistries, and benthic microbial communities have been relatively well studied (8,9,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). However, the hadal aquatic microbial communities in the Challenger Deep remain completely uncharacterized.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Hadal biosphere: Insight into the microbial ecosystem in the deepest ocean on Earth

Nunoura

Takaki

Hirai

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

243

298

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hadal oceans at water depths below 6,000 m are the least-explored aquatic biosphere. The Challenger Deep, located in the western equatorial Pacific, with a water depth of ∼11 km, is the deepest ocean on Earth. Microbial communities associated with waters from the sea surface to the trench bottom (0 ∼10,257 m) in the Challenger Deep were analyzed, and unprecedented trench microbial communities were identified in the hadal waters (6,000 ∼10,257 m) that were distinct from the abyssal microbial communities. The potentially chemolithotrophic populations were less abundant in the hadal water than those in the upper abyssal waters. The emerging members of chemolithotrophic nitrifiers in the hadal water that likely adapt to the higher flux of electron donors were also different from those in the abyssal waters that adapt to the lower flux of electron donors. Species-level niche separation in most of the dominant taxa was also found between the hadal and abyssal microbial communities. Considering the geomorphology and the isolated hydrotopographical nature of the Mariana Trench, we hypothesized that the distinct hadal microbial ecosystem was driven by the endogenous recycling of organic matter in the hadal waters associated with the trench geomorphology.hadal | trench | niche separation | nitrification | Challenger Deep

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hadal biosphere: Insight into the microbial ecosystem in the deepest ocean on Earth

Nunoura

Takaki

Hirai

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

243

298

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Food supply in hadal environments is not considered to be lower than in abyssal environments. Several studies have shown that food availability is higher in the deepest parts of hadal trenches than in nearby trench edge environments, suggesting that the topography of trenches act to concentrate food particles along the trench axis (Glud et al 2013;Leduc et al 2016). However, food availability can vary substantially, both among trenches as a result of differences in surface primary productivity and within trenches as a result of water depth gradients, local topography and lateral transport triggered by seismicinduced landslides and turbidity currents (Ichino et al 2015;Jamieson 2015).…”

Section: Deep Sea: Hadal Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of meiofauna in extreme marine ecosystems: a review

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extreme marine environments cover more than 50% of the Earth's surface and offer many opportunities for investigating the biological responses and adaptations of organisms to stressful life conditions. Extreme marine environments are sometimes associated with ephemeral and unstable ecosystems, but can host abundant, often endemic and welladapted meiofaunal species. In this review, we present an integrated view of the biodiversity, ecology and physiological responses of marine meiofauna inhabiting several extreme marine environments (mangroves, submarine caves, Polar ecosystems, hypersaline areas, hypoxic/anoxic environments, hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, carcasses/sunken woods, deep-sea canyons, deep hypersaline anoxic basins [DHABs] and hadal zones). Foraminiferans, nematodes and copepods are abundant in almost all of these habitats and are dominant in deep-sea ecosystems. The presence and dominance of some other taxa that are normally less common may be typical of certain extreme conditions. Kinorhynchs are particularly well adapted to cold seeps and other environments that experience drastic changes in salinity, rotifers are well represented in polar ecosystems and loriciferans seem to be the only metazoan able to survive multiple stressors in DHABs. As well as natural processes, human activities may generate stressful conditions, including deoxygenation, acidification and rises in temperature. The behaviour and physiology of different meiofaunal taxa, such as some foraminiferans, nematode and copepod species, can provide vital information on how organisms may respond to these challenges and can provide a warning signal of anthropogenic impacts. From an evolutionary perspective, the discovery of new meiofauna taxa from extreme environments very often sheds light on phylogenetic relationships, while understanding how meiofaunal organisms are able to survive or even flourish in these conditions can explain evolutionary pathways. Finally, there are multiple potential economic benefits to be gained from ecological, biological, physiological and evolutionary studies of meiofauna in extreme environments. Despite all the advantages offered by meiofauna studies from extreme environments, there is still an urgent need to foster meiofauna research in terms of composition, ecology, biology and physiology focusing on extreme environments.

show abstract

Benthic Carbon Mineralization in Hadal Trenches: Insights From In Situ Determination of Benthic Oxygen Consumption

Luo

Glud

Pan

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hadal trenches have been proposed as depocenters of organic material and hot spots for organic matter mineralization. In this study, we for the first time quantified the total benthic O2 uptake in hadal trenches using in situ chamber incubations. Three trenches in the tropical Pacific were targeted and exhibited relatively high diagenetic activity given the great water depths, that is, the Mariana Trench (2.0 × 102 μmol O2 m−2 d−1, 10,853 m), the Mussau Trench (2.7 ± 0.1 × 102 μmol O2 m−2 d−1, 7,011 m), and the New Britain Trench (6.0 ± 0.1 × 102 μmol O2 m−2 d−1, 8,225 m). Combined with the analyses of total organic carbon and δ13C of total organic carbon in the sediments and previously published in situ O2 microprofiles from hadal settings, we suggest that hadal benthic carbon mineralization partly is governed by the surface production and also is linked to the distance from land. Therefore, we highlight that terrestrial organic matter can be of importance in sustaining benthic communities in some hadal settings.

show abstract

High rates of microbial carbon turnover in sediments in the deepest oceanic trench on Earth

Cited by 253 publications

References 24 publications

Hadal biosphere: Insight into the microbial ecosystem in the deepest ocean on Earth

Hadal biosphere: Insight into the microbial ecosystem in the deepest ocean on Earth

Characteristics of meiofauna in extreme marine ecosystems: a review

Benthic Carbon Mineralization in Hadal Trenches: Insights From In Situ Determination of Benthic Oxygen Consumption

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About