High-rate precise point positioning (PPP) to measure seismic wave motions: an experimental comparison of GPS PPP with inertial measurement units

Xu, Peiliang; Shi, Chuang; Fang, Rongxin; Liu, Jingnan; Niu, Xiaoji; Zhang, Quan; Yanagidani, Takashi

doi:10.1007/s00190-012-0606-z

Cited by 150 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…At present, the PANDA software is competent for the jobs of precise orbit determination (POD) of GNSS (Li 2011) and Low Earth Orbits (Zhao 2004), satellite clock estimation (Lou 2008), precise positioning (Li et al 2014C), GPS seismology (Shi et al 2010;Xu et al 2013) as well as earth gravity recovery (Zhao et al 2011). To cope with the upcoming or available new and modernized GNSS signals, especially, the multi-frequency data processing of BDS, as well as the real-time applications, the PANDA team has launched the PANDA II project.…”

Section: Software Development and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BeiDou phase bias estimation and its application in precise point positioning with triple-frequency observable

Lou

Shi

et al. 2015

J Geod

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104

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At present, the BeiDou system (BDS) enables the practical application of triple-frequency observable in the Asia-Pacific region, of many possible benefits from the additional signal; this study focuses on exploiting the contribution of zero difference (ZD) ambiguity resolution (AR) to the precise point positioning (PPP). A general modeling strategy for multi-frequency PPP AR is presented, in which, the least squares ambiguity decorrelation adjustment (LAMBDA) method is employed in ambiguity fixing based on the full variance-covariance ambiguity matrix generated from the raw data processing model. Because of the reliable fixing of BDS L1 ambiguity faces more difficulty, the LAMBDA method with partial ambiguity fixing is proposed to enable the independent and instantaneous resolution of extra wide-lane (EWL) and wide-lane (WL). This mechanism of sequential ambiguity fixing is demonstrated for resolving ZD satellite phase bias and performing triplefrequency PPP AR with two reference station networks with a typical baseline of up to 400 and 800 km, respectively. Tests show that about 90 % of the EWL and WL phase bias of BDS has a consistency of better than 0.1 cycle, and this value decreases to <80 % for L1 phase bias for Experiment I, while all the solutions of Experiment II have a similar RMS of about 0.12 cycles. In addition, the repeatability of the daily mean phase bias agree to 0.093 cycles and 0.095 cycles for EWL and WL on average, which is much smaller than 0.20 cycles of L1. To assess the improvement of fixed PPP brought by applying the third frequency signal as well as the above phase bias, various ambiguity fixing strategy are considered in the numerical demonstration. It is shown that the impact of the additional signal is almost negligible when only float solution involved. It is also shown that by fixing EWL and WL together, as opposed to the single ambiguity fixing, will leads to an improvement in PPP accuracy by about 20.6 % on average. Attributed to the efficient resolution of EWL + WL within about 2 min in Experiment I, the 0.5 m level positioning can be achieved in 10 min for both horizontal and vertical, compared to 50 min for horizontal and 30 min for vertical by the NONE/EWL/WL fixed solution. While, for Experiment II, the improvement in the convergence can only be seen for the horizontal as the TTFF takes about 40 min for EWL and WL to be resolved.

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Section: Software Development and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BeiDou phase bias estimation and its application in precise point positioning with triple-frequency observable

Lou

Shi

et al. 2015

J Geod

Self Cite

104

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“…is the variance of the sth satellite for the observation type T i , the ith observation type in the list of Equation (15). There are totally 2 · n f · ns (or equivalently, nt · ns) variance components in Q v y k .…”

Section: Precisionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results suggest modeling the phase precisions with a two-piece function. The first piece describes the low-elevation precisions with an elevation-dependent function, e.g., the ones proposed by Eueler and Goad [3] or Bradford et al [40] or the one used by PANDA software developed by Wuhan University [15]. The second piece represents high-elevation precisions with a constant value.…”

Section: Precisions Of Gnss Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic Models of Very High-Rate (50 Hz) GPS/BeiDou Code and Phase Observations

2017

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Abstract:In recent years, very high-rate (10-50 Hz) Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has gained a rapid development and has been widely applied in seismology, natural hazard early warning system and structural monitoring. However, existing studies on stochastic models of GNSS observations are limited to sampling rates not higher than 1 Hz. To support very high-rate GNSS applications, we assess the precisions, cross correlations and time correlations of very high-rate (50 Hz) Global Positioning System (GPS)/BeiDou code and phase observations. The method of least-squares variance component estimation is applied with the geometry-based functional model using the GNSS single-differenced observations. The real-data experimental results show that the precisions are elevation-dependent at satellite elevation angles below 40 • and nearly constant at satellite elevation angles above 40 • . The precisions of undifferenced observations are presented, exhibiting different patterns for different observation types and satellites, especially for BeiDou because different types of satellites are involved. GPS and BeiDou have comparable precisions at high satellite elevation angles, reaching 0.91-1.26 mm and 0.13-0.17 m for phase and code, respectively, while, at low satellite elevation angles, GPS precisions are generally lower than BeiDou ones. The cross correlation between dual-frequency phase is very significant, with the coefficients of 0.773 and 0.927 for GPS and BeiDou, respectively. The cross correlation between dual-frequency code is much less significant, and no correlation can be found between phase and code. Time correlations exist for GPS/BeiDou phase and code at time lags within 1 s. At very small time lags of 0.02-0.12 s, time correlations of 0.041-0.293 and 0.858-0.945 can be observed for phase and code observations, respectively, indicating that the correlations in time should be taken into account in very high-rate applications.

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“…Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is usually used to derive position series of one station, and also to determine the change of position (displacements) between the two epochs chosen by subtracting the position at one epoch from the position at the other (Kouba 2003;Wright et al 2012;Li et al 2013b;Xu et al 2013). However, the major disadvantage of PPP is that it has long convergence or reconvergence times, which are required to determine the ambiguities unless the solution is aided by other techniques such as accelerometers .…”

Section: O S E I S M I C D I S P L a C E M E N T S D E R I V E D F mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-precision coseismic displacement estimation with a single-frequency GPS receiver

Guo¹,

Zhang²,

Ren³

et al. 2015

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YTo improve the performance of Global Positioning System (GPS) in the earthquake/tsunami early warning and rapid response applications, minimizing the blind zone and increasing the stability and accuracy of both the rapid source and rupture inversion, the density of existing GPS networks must be increased in the areas at risk. For economic reasons, low-cost singlefrequency receivers would be preferable to make the sparse dual-frequency GPS networks denser. When using single-frequency GPS receivers, the main problem that must be solved is the ionospheric delay, which is a critical factor when determining accurate coseismic displacements. In this study, we introduce a modified Satellite-specific Epoch-differenced Ionospheric Delay (MSEID) model to compensate for the effect of ionospheric error on single-frequency GPS receivers. In the MSEID model, the time-differenced ionospheric delays observed from a regional dual-frequency GPS network to a common satellite are fitted to a plane rather than part of a sphere, and the parameters of this plane are determined by using the coordinates of the stations. When the parameters are known, time-differenced ionospheric delays for a single-frequency GPS receiver could be derived from the observations of those dualfrequency receivers. Using these ionospheric delay corrections, coseismic displacements of a single-frequency GPS receiver can be accurately calculated based on time-differenced carrierphase measurements in real time. The performance of the proposed approach is validated using 5 Hz GPS data collected during the 2012 Nicoya Peninsula Earthquake (M w 7.6, 2012 September 5) in Costa Rica. This shows that the proposed approach improves the accuracy of the displacement of a single-frequency GPS station, and coseismic displacements with an accuracy of a few centimetres are achieved over a 10-min interval.

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High-rate precise point positioning (PPP) to measure seismic wave motions: an experimental comparison of GPS PPP with inertial measurement units

Cited by 150 publications

References 47 publications

BeiDou phase bias estimation and its application in precise point positioning with triple-frequency observable

BeiDou phase bias estimation and its application in precise point positioning with triple-frequency observable

Stochastic Models of Very High-Rate (50 Hz) GPS/BeiDou Code and Phase Observations

High-precision coseismic displacement estimation with a single-frequency GPS receiver

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