High-rate activated sludge system for carbon management – Evaluation of crucial process mechanisms and design parameters

Jiménez, José; Miller, Mark W.; Bott, Charles; Murthy, Sudhir; Clippeleir, Haydée De; Wett, Bernhard

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2015.07.032

Cited by 214 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

109

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…An SRT of 0.3 day results in a lower percentage of mineralization and higher sludge production compared to an SRT of 0.65 day. Jimenez et al (2015) reported a similar optimal SRT for maximal sludge production of 0.3 days, with a longer SRT leading to more mineralization of the COD. This indicates that the SRT control might be an important design aspect for optimization of the A-stage process; the choice should be such that most soluble COD can be converted to biomass, while minimizing endogenous or hydrolytic processes.…”

Section: Hydraulic Residence Time and Sludge Retention Timementioning

confidence: 84%

Full-Scale Highly-Loaded Wastewater Treatment Processes (A-Stage) to Increase Energy Production from Wastewater: Performance and Design Guidelines

GraaffMarthe

BrandTessa

RoestKees

et al. 2016

Environmental Engineering Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Current practice of wastewater treatment does not recover the full potential of energy present in wastewater. The potential of using anammox bacteria for autotrophic nitrogen removal combined with a desire for energy optimization brings new attention to the A-stage technology for organic carbon harvesting from municipal wastewater. The goal of this research was to investigate operational conditions of four full-scale A-stage processes and gain insight in the optimal conditions to harvest the maximum amount of organics present in sewage as excess sludge from the A stage. Large differences in removal efficiencies and design aspects were found between the four operational A-stage processes in the Netherlands. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal efficiencies vary between 40% and 80%, indicating that a good removal efficiency is possible, but that local conditions or design can be very influential. An optimal solid retention time (SRT) for maximal sludge production of 0.3 days was found; a longer SRT resulted in more mineralization of the chemical oxygen demand (COD). SRT control might be an important design aspect for the optimization of A-stage process. A short contact time with a minimum of 15 min and sufficient aeration were found to be optimal for soluble COD removal. Iron addition aided the removal of colloidal/suspended COD by coagulation/flocculation. Sludge flocs formed in the A-stage process are weak and sensitive to anaerobic conditions as well as shear due to, for example, pumping. Besides a good design of the Astage itself, the further processing of the produced sludge also needs careful attention to optimize the sludge production and energy production.

show abstract

Section: Hydraulic Residence Time and Sludge Retention Timementioning

confidence: 84%

Full-Scale Highly-Loaded Wastewater Treatment Processes (A-Stage) to Increase Energy Production from Wastewater: Performance and Design Guidelines

GraaffMarthe

BrandTessa

RoestKees

et al. 2016

Environmental Engineering Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This is generally termed high-rate activated sludge, or A-stage treatment, and has been applied for 20 years (Jetten et al, 1997; Jimenez et al, 2015). …”

Section: Domestic Wastewater As Key Developmental Platform For Nutriementioning

confidence: 99%

Resource Recovery from Wastewater by Biological Technologies: Opportunities, Challenges, and Prospects

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Limits in resource availability are driving a change in current societal production systems, changing the focus from residues treatment, such as wastewater treatment, toward resource recovery. Biotechnological processes offer an economic and versatile way to concentrate and transform resources from waste/wastewater into valuable products, which is a prerequisite for the technological development of a cradle-to-cradle bio-based economy. This review identifies emerging technologies that enable resource recovery across the wastewater treatment cycle. As such, bioenergy in the form of biohydrogen (by photo and dark fermentation processes) and biogas (during anaerobic digestion processes) have been classic targets, whereby, direct transformation of lipidic biomass into biodiesel also gained attention. This concept is similar to previous biofuel concepts, but more sustainable, as third generation biofuels and other resources can be produced from waste biomass. The production of high value biopolymers (e.g., for bioplastics manufacturing) from organic acids, hydrogen, and methane is another option for carbon recovery. The recovery of carbon and nutrients can be achieved by organic fertilizer production, or single cell protein generation (depending on the source) which may be utilized as feed, feed additives, next generation fertilizers, or even as probiotics. Additionlly, chemical oxidation-reduction and bioelectrochemical systems can recover inorganics or synthesize organic products beyond the natural microbial metabolism. Anticipating the next generation of wastewater treatment plants driven by biological recovery technologies, this review is focused on the generation and re-synthesis of energetic resources and key resources to be recycled as raw materials in a cradle-to-cradle economy concept.

show abstract

“…In these types of effluents, the N forms are removed traditionally by biological methods whereby the N is converted to biomass or is transformed into N 2 (g), although when biomass is anaerobically digested to produce bio‐methane, N is again re‐mineralized to NH 4 + . However, new valorization technologies for the removal and recovery of ammonium are needed to overcome problems that could be encountered in: (a) the implementation of high rate activated sludge (HRAS) or up‐concentration schemes promoting the enhancement of energy recovery by anaerobic digestion, producing treated effluents with high ammonium contents (up to 100 mg L ‐1 ); (b) new stringent regulation of N levels on the discharges of treated water (e.g. values of NH 4 + below 1 mg L ‐1 ); or (c) the need to recover nitrogen on account of its high nutrient value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of natural Yemeni zeolites as powder sorbents for ammonium valorization from domestic waste water streams using high rate activated sludge processes

Jmayai

Hermassi

Alouani

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND In this study three natural Yemeni zeolites (NZ1, NZ2 and NZ3) having major minerals such as clinoptilolite and mordenite, were evaluated as low cost sorbents for the removal and recovery of ammonium ions. RESULTS The zeolite samples, with pHPZC = 9.1 ± 0.2, 7.9 ± 0.2 and 7.4 ± 0.2 for NZ1, NZ2 and NZ3, respectively, showed high ammonium sorption capacities. At pH 8, for treated waste waters: (i) with low NH4+ levels (from 25 to 100 mgNH4/L); and (ii) for concentrated NH4+ side streams generated from the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge (from 400 up to 1500 mg L‐1), maximum loading capacities of 27 to 51 mgNH4 g‐1 were measured for the studied zeolites. Measured sorption isotherms, in the concentration range 0.05 to 5 g L‐1, were well described by the Langmuir isotherm. The ammonium sorption kinetics was controlled by particle diffusion and was well described by both the homogeneous diffusion (HPDM) and shell progressive (SPM) models. CONCLUSION Comparison of the equilibrium data with results for natural and synthetic zeolites demonstrate the higher performance of the studied zeolites providing low residual ammonium values <1 mgNH4 g‐1 and <10 mgNH4 g‐1 when treating both diluted and concentrated‐NH4+ streams, respectively. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry

show abstract

High-rate activated sludge system for carbon management – Evaluation of crucial process mechanisms and design parameters

Cited by 214 publications

References 24 publications

Full-Scale Highly-Loaded Wastewater Treatment Processes (A-Stage) to Increase Energy Production from Wastewater: Performance and Design Guidelines

Full-Scale Highly-Loaded Wastewater Treatment Processes (A-Stage) to Increase Energy Production from Wastewater: Performance and Design Guidelines

Resource Recovery from Wastewater by Biological Technologies: Opportunities, Challenges, and Prospects

Characterization of natural Yemeni zeolites as powder sorbents for ammonium valorization from domestic waste water streams using high rate activated sludge processes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About