Abstract:High-p T measurements in relativistic heavy ion collisions provide a unique set of tools to investigate the early stages of the collision. In this paper we report the high-pT measurements of inclusive hadron spectra, azimuthal anisotropies and two particle correlations performed by the STAR detector for 200 GeV Au+Au, p+p and d+Au collisions at RHIC. The results suggest that the phenomena observed uniquely in central Au+Au collisions are due to strong final state interactions in the hot and dense medium create… Show more
“…In earlier works we have fitted several hadron spectra observed at RHIC [12,13,14,15,16,17,18] by assuming a blast wave picture and quark recombination [19,20]. These fits agreed with a common Tsallis parameter of q ≈ 1.2 for the quark matter quite remarkably.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 64%
“…By analyzing the thermodynamics given by the equations in (18), one realizes that it is surprisingly similar to the one of a black hole in AdS space [27]. Consequently we now obtain simultaneously the Rényi-entropy based thermodynamics of the simple Schwarzschild black hole (discussed above) and the original Bekenstein-Hawking entropy based thermodynamics of a black hole in anti-de Sitter space.…”
By regarding the Hawking-Bekenstein entropy of Schwarzschild black hole horizons as a non-extensive Tsallis entropy, its formal logarithm, the Rényi entropy, is considered. The resulting temperature -horizon-radius relation has the same form as the one obtained from a 3+1-dimensional black hole in anti-de Sitter space using the original entropy formula. In both cases the temperature has a minimum. A semi-classical estimate of the horizon radius at this minimum leads to a Bekenstein bound for the q-parameter in the Rényi entropy of micro black holes, (q ≥ 1 + 2/π 2 ), which is surprisingly close to fitted q-parameters of cosmic ray spectra and power-law distribution of quarks coalescing to hadrons in high energy accelerator experiments.
“…In earlier works we have fitted several hadron spectra observed at RHIC [12,13,14,15,16,17,18] by assuming a blast wave picture and quark recombination [19,20]. These fits agreed with a common Tsallis parameter of q ≈ 1.2 for the quark matter quite remarkably.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 64%
“…By analyzing the thermodynamics given by the equations in (18), one realizes that it is surprisingly similar to the one of a black hole in AdS space [27]. Consequently we now obtain simultaneously the Rényi-entropy based thermodynamics of the simple Schwarzschild black hole (discussed above) and the original Bekenstein-Hawking entropy based thermodynamics of a black hole in anti-de Sitter space.…”
By regarding the Hawking-Bekenstein entropy of Schwarzschild black hole horizons as a non-extensive Tsallis entropy, its formal logarithm, the Rényi entropy, is considered. The resulting temperature -horizon-radius relation has the same form as the one obtained from a 3+1-dimensional black hole in anti-de Sitter space using the original entropy formula. In both cases the temperature has a minimum. A semi-classical estimate of the horizon radius at this minimum leads to a Bekenstein bound for the q-parameter in the Rényi entropy of micro black holes, (q ≥ 1 + 2/π 2 ), which is surprisingly close to fitted q-parameters of cosmic ray spectra and power-law distribution of quarks coalescing to hadrons in high energy accelerator experiments.
“…-One of the theoretically challenging questions related to relativistic heavy-ion physics is how to establish the existence of a thermal or near thermal state of (quark) matter during high-energy collisions. Besides studies of the hadronic flavor composition [1][2][3][4][5], the shape and the steepness of transverse momentum spectra on different particles presents experimental information on this question [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Since for high energies of the out-coming particles (pions, kaons, antiprotons, etc.)…”
We demonstrate by simple mathematical considerations that a power-law-tailed distribution in the kinetic energy of relativistic particles can be a limiting distribution seen in relativistic heavy-ion experiments. We prove that the infinite repetition of an arbitrary composition rule on an infinitesimal amount leads to a rule with a formal logarithm. As a consequence the stationary distribution of energy in the thermodynamical limit follows the composed function of the Boltzmann-Gibbs exponential with this formal logarithm. In particular, interactions described as solely functions of the relative four-momentum squared lead to kinetic energy distributions of the Tsallis-Pareto (cut power law) form in the high-energy limit.
“…In an earlier work we have fitted several hadron spectra observed at RHIC [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] by assuming a blast wave picture and quark recombination [13]. These fits agreed with a common Tsallis parameter of q ≈ 1.2 for the quark matter quite remarkably.…”
We point out that by considering the Hawking-Bekenstein entropy of Schwarzschild black hole horizons as a non-extensive Tsallis entropy, its additive formal logarithm, coinciding with the Renyi entropy, generates an equation of state with positive heat capacity above a thereshold energy. Based on this, the edge of stability is conjectured to be trans-Planckian, i.e. being in the quantum range. From this conjecture an estimate arises for the q-parameter in the Renyi entropy, (q = 2/π 2 ), also manifested in the canonical power-law distribution of high energy particles (q ≈ 1.2 for quark matter).
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